A flat type knock sensor (non-resonant type) has a structure that can detect vibrations over a wide band of frequencies: between approximately 6 kHz and 15 kHz.

Knock sensors are fitted onto the engine block to detect engine knocking.

The knock sensor contains a piezoelectric element which generates a voltage when it becomes deformed.

Refer to DTC P2195 .

If the misfire exceeds the threshold levels, and could cause emission deterioration, the ECM illuminates the MIL and set a DTC.

This troubleshooting procedure is based on the premise that the engine is started. If the engine is not started, proceed to the problem symptoms table .

The A/F sensor generates voltage* that corresponds to the actual air-fuel ratio. This sensor voltage is used to provide the ECM with feedback so that it can control the air-fuel ratio. The ECM determines the deviation from the stoichiometric air-fuel ratio level, and regulates the fuel injection time. If the A/F sensor malfunctions, the ECM is unable to control the air-fuel ratio accurately.

If a pass condition is detected and then the engine switch is turned to off, the fail-safe operation stops and the system returns to a normal condition.

Disconnect the E58 injector driver (EDU) connector.

This ETCS (Electronic Throttle Control System) does not use a throttle cable.

The fuel pressure sensor is installed on the delivery pipe. The sensor changes fuel pressure to an electrical signal and sends the signal to the ECM. Then the ECM controls the feedback of the pump discharge to maintain the fuel's target pressure at 4 to 13 MPa (40.8 to 132.6 kgf/cm, 2, 580 to 1,885 psi). If the sensor output stops, the ECM will stop the high pressure side fuel pump and supply fuel using the low pressure side fuel pump.

The Electronic Throttle Control System (ETCS) is composed of the throttle actuator, Throttle Position (TP) sensor, Accelerator Pedal Position (APP) sensor, and ECM. The ECM operates the throttle actuator to regulate the throttle valve in response to driver inputs. The TP sensor detects the opening angle of the throttle valve, and provides the ECM with feedback so that the throttle valve can be appropriately controlled by the ECM.