CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198)
READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (TEST VALUE OF A/F SENSOR)
READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF A/F SENSOR)
PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN
CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198)
PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN
CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198)
CONFIRM IF VEHICLE HAS RUN OUT OF FUEL IN PAST
INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR (HEATER RESISTANCE)
INSPECT INTEGRATION RELAY (A/F RELAY)
CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (A/F SENSOR - ECM)
PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN
CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198)
CONFIRM IF VEHICLE HAS RUN OUT OF FUEL IN PAST
PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN
CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198)
DTC P2195 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
DTC P2196 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Rich (Bank 1 Sensor 1)
DTC P2197 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Lean (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
DTC P2198 Oxygen (A/F) Sensor Signal Stuck Rich (Bank 2 Sensor 1)
Description DTC P2195 P2196 P2197 P2198
HINT:
- Although the DTC titles say oxygen sensor, these DTCs relate to the Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) sensor.
- Sensor 1 refers to the sensor mounted in front of the Three-Way Catalytic Converter (TWC) and located near the engine assembly.
The A/F sensor generates a voltage* that corresponds to the actual air fuel ratio. This sensor voltage is used to provide the ECM with feedback so that it can control the air fuel ratio. The ECM determines the deviation from the stoichiometric air fuel ratio, and regulates the fuel injection time. If the A/F sensor malfunctions, the ECM is unable to control the air fuel ratio accurately.
The A/F sensor is the planar type and is integrated with a heater, which heats the solid electrolyte (zirconia element). This heater is controlled by the ECM. When the intake air volume is low (the exhaust gas temperature is low), a current flows into the heater to heat the sensor in order to facilitate accurate oxygen concentration detection. In addition, the sensor and heater portions are the narrow type. The heat generated by the heater is conducted to the solid electrolyte through the alumina, therefore the sensor activation is accelerated.
In order to obtain a high purification rate of the carbon monoxide (CO), hydrocarbon (HC) and nitrogen oxide (NOx) components in the exhaust gas, a TWC is used. For the most efficient use of the TWC, the air fuel ratio must be precisely controlled so that it is always close to the stoichiometric level.
*: The value changes inside the ECM. Since the A/F sensor is a current output element, the current is converted into a voltage inside the ECM. Any measurements taken at the A/F sensor or ECM connectors will show a constant voltage.
| DTC Code | DTC Detection Condition | Trouble Area |
| P2195 P2197 | Conditions (a) and (b) continue for 2 seconds or more (2 trip detection logic):
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| While fuel-cut operation is performed (during vehicle deceleration), the air fuel ratio (A/F) sensor current is 3.6 mA or more for 3 seconds (2 trip detection logic). |
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| P2196 P2198 | Conditions (a) and (b) continue for 2 seconds or more (2 trip detection logic):
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| While fuel-cut operation is performed (during vehicle deceleration), the air fuel ratio (A/F) sensor current is less than 1.4 mA for 3 seconds (2 trip detection logic). |
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HINT:
- DTCs P2195 and P2196 indicate malfunctions related to the bank 1 A/F sensor circuit.
- DTCs P2197 and P2198 indicate malfunctions related to the bank 2 A/F sensor circuit.
- Bank 1 refers to the bank that includes cylinder No. 1.
- Bank 2 refers to the bank that includes cylinder No. 2.
- When any of these DTCs are stored, check the A/F sensor voltage output by entering the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / A/F Control System / AFS Voltage B1S1 or AFS Voltage B2S1.
- The short-term fuel trim values can also be read using the intelligent tester.
- The ECM regulates the voltages at the A1A+, A2A+, A1A- and A2A- terminals of the ECM to a constant level. Therefore, the A/F sensor voltage output cannot be confirmed without using the intelligent tester.
- If a A/F sensor malfunction is detected, the ECM stores a DTC.
Wiring diagram
Confirmation driving pattern
CAUTION:
Strictly observe posted speed limits, traffic laws, and road conditions when performing these drive patterns.
HINT:
This confirmation driving pattern is used in the "PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN" procedure of the following diagnostic troubleshooting procedure.
- (a) Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
- (b) Turn the ignition switch to ON.
- (c) Turn the intelligent tester on.
- (d) Clear DTCs .
- (e) Start the engine, and warm it up until the ECT reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.
- (f) Enter the following menus to check the fuel-cut status: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / All Data / Idle Fuel Cut.
- (g) Drive the vehicle at between 60 km/h (38 mph) and 120 km/h (75 mph) for at least 10 minutes.
- (h) Shift the transmission to 2nd gear.
- (i) Drive the vehicle at the proper vehicle speed to perform fuel-cut operation (refer to the following HINT).
HINT:
Fuel-cut is performed when the following conditions are met:
- The accelerator pedal is fully released.
- The engine speed is 2500 rpm or more (fuel injection returns at 1000 rpm).
- (j) Accelerate the vehicle to 64 km/h (40 mph) or more by depressing the accelerator pedal for at least 10 seconds.
- (k) Soon after performing step (j) above, release the accelerator pedal for at least 4 seconds without depressing the brake pedal in order to execute fuel-cut control.
- (l) Allow the vehicle to decelerate until the vehicle speed decreases to less than 10 km/h (6 mph).
- (m) Repeat steps (h) through (k) above at least 3 times in one driving cycle.
HINT:
Completion of all O2S (A/F) Monitor is required to change the value in Data List.
Inspection procedure
HINT:
Malfunctioning areas can be identified by performing the Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor function provided in the Active Test. The Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor function can help to determine whether the air fuel ratio (A/F) sensor, Heated Oxygen (HO2) sensor and other potential trouble areas are malfunctioning.
The following instructions describe how to conduct the Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor operation using the intelligent tester.
- Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
- Start the engine and turn the intelligent tester on.
- Warm up the engine at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.
- On the intelligent tester, enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor.
- Perform the Active Test operation with the engine idling (press the RIGHT or LEFT button to change the fuel injection volume.)
- Monitor the output voltages of the A/F and HO2 sensors (AFS Voltage B1S1 and O2S B1S2, or AFS Voltage B2S1 and O2S B2S2) displayed on the intelligent tester.
HINT:
- The Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor operation lowers the fuel injection volume by 12.5% or increases the injection volume by 25%.
- Each sensor reacts in accordance with increases and decreases in the fuel injection volume.
| Tester Display (Sensor) | Injection Volume | Status | Voltage |
| AFS Voltage B1S1 or AFS Voltage B2S1 (A/F) | +25% | Rich | Less than 3.1 V |
| AFS Voltage B1S1 or AFS Voltage B2S1 (A/F) | -12.5% | Lean | More than 3.4 V |
| O2S B1S2 or O2S B2S2 (HO2) | +25% | Rich | More than 0.55 V |
| O2S B1S2 or O2S B2S2 (HO2) | -12.5% | Lean | Less than 0.4 V |
NOTICE:
The Air Fuel Ratio (A/F) sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the Heated Oxygen (HO2) sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
| Case | A/F Sensor (Sensor 1) Output Voltage | HO2 Sensor (Sensor 2) Output Voltage | Main Suspected Trouble Area |
| 1 |   |
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| 2 |  |
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| 3 | |
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| 4 | |
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- Following the Control the Injection Volume for A/F sensor procedure enables technicians to check and graph the voltage outputs of both the A/F and HO2 sensors.
- To display the graph, enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor / A/F Control System / AFS Voltage B1S1 and O2S B1S2 or AFS Voltage B2S1 and O2S B2S2.
HINT:
- Read freeze frame data using the intelligent tester. Freeze frame data records the engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
- A low A/F sensor voltage could be caused by a rich air-fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run rich.
- A high A/F sensor voltage could be caused by a lean air-fuel mixture. Check for conditions that would cause the engine to run lean.
| 1.CHECK ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON.
-
Turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
-
Read DTCs.
Result Display (DTC Output) Proceed to P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 A P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 and other DTCs B HINT:
If any DTCs other than P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.
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| A | |
| 2.READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (TEST VALUE OF A/F SENSOR) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Clear DTCs .
-
Drive the vehicle in accordance with the drive pattern described in the CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Monitor / O2 Sensor.
-
Check that the status of O2 Sensor is Complete.
If the status is still Incomplete, drive the vehicle according to the driving pattern again.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Monitor / O2 Sensor / Details / RANGE B1 S1.
-
Check the test value of the A/F sensor output current during fuel-cut.
Result Test Value Proceed to Within normal range (1.4 mA or more, and less than 3.6 mA) A Outside normal range (Less than 1.4 mA, or 3.6 mA or more) B
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| A | |
| 3.READ VALUE USING INTELLIGENT TESTER (OUTPUT VOLTAGE OF A/F SENSOR) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Start the engine.
-
Turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Warm up the air fuel ratio (A/F) sensor at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for 90 seconds.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / A/F Control System / Snapshot / AFS Voltage B1S1 or AFS Voltage B2S1 and Engine Speed.
-
Check the A/F sensor voltage three times, once in each of the following conditions:
-
Engine idling (check for at least 30 seconds)
-
Engine running at an engine speed of approximately 2500 rpm (without any sudden changes in engine speed)
-
Engine speed raised to 4000 rpm and then accelerator pedal quickly released so that the throttle valve is fully closed.
Standard:
Condition A/F Sensor Voltage Variation Reference (1) and (2) Changes at approximately 3.3 V Between 3.1 V and 3.5 V (3) Increases to 3.8 V or more This occurs during engine deceleration (when fuel-cut performed) HINT:
For more information, see the diagrams below.
-
HINT:
- If the output voltage of the A/F sensor remains at approximately 3.3 V (see "Malfunctioning" diagram) under any conditions, including those above, the A/F sensor may have an open circuit. (This will also happen if the A/F sensor heater has an open circuit.)
- If the output voltage of the A/F sensor remains at either approximately 3.8 V or more, or 2.8 V or less (see "Malfunctioning" diagram) under any conditions, including those above, the A/F sensor may have a short circuit.
- The ECM stops fuel injection (fuel cut) during engine deceleration. This causes a lean condition and results in a momentary increase in the A/F sensor output voltage.
- The ECM must establish a closed throttle valve position learned value to perform fuel cut. If the battery cable has been disconnected and reconnected, the vehicle must be driven over 16 km/h (10 mph) to allow the ECM to learn the closed throttle valve position.
- When the vehicle is driven: The output voltage of the A/F sensor may be below 2.8 V during fuel enrichment. For the vehicle, this translates to a sudden increase in speed with the accelerator pedal fully depressed when trying to overtake another vehicle. The A/F sensor is functioning normally.
- The A/F sensor is a current output element; therefore, the current is converted into a voltage inside the ECM. Measuring the voltage at the connectors of the A/F sensor or ECM will show a constant voltage.
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| OK | |
| 4.PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN |
| NEXT | |
| 5.CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes / Pending.
-
Read the DTCs.
Result Display (DTC Output) Proceed to P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 A No output B
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| A | |
| 6.REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR |
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Replace the air fuel ratio sensor .
| NEXT | |
| 7.PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN |
| NEXT | |
| 8.CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes / Pending.
-
Read DTCs.
Result Display (DTC Output) Proceed to No output A P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 B
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| A | |
| 9.CONFIRM IF VEHICLE HAS RUN OUT OF FUEL IN PAST |
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| YES | |
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| 10.INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR (HEATER RESISTANCE) |
-
Disconnect the Air Fuel ratio (A/F) sensor connector.
-
Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance:
for Bank 1 Sensor 1 Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 1 (HA1A) - 2 (+B) 20°C (68°F) 1.8 to 3.4 ? 1 (HA1A) - 4 (A1A-) Always 10 k? or higher for Bank 2 Sensor 1 Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 1 (HA2A) - 2 (+B) 20°C (68°F) 1.8 to 3.4 ? 1 (HA2A) - 4 (A2A-) Always 10 k? or higher
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| OK | |
| 11.INSPECT INTEGRATION RELAY (A/F RELAY) |
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Remove the integration relay from the engine room relay block.
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Inspect the A/F fuse.
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Remove the A/F fuse from the integration relay.
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Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance:
Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition A/F fuse Always Below 1 ? -
Reinstall the A/F fuse.
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Inspect the A/F relay.
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Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance:
Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition 1A-4 - 1C-1 Battery voltage not applied to terminals 1A-2 and 1A-3 10 k? or higher Battery voltage applied to terminals 1A-2 and 1A-3 Below 1 ?
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| OK | |
| 12.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (A/F SENSOR - ECM) |
-
Disconnect the ECM connector.
-
Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
Standard Resistance (Check for Open):
for LHD Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C22-1 (HA1A) - C45-86 (HA1A) Always Below 1 ? C23-1 (HA2A) - C45-109 (HA2A) Always Below 1 ? for RHD Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C22-1 (HA1A) - C46-86 (HA1A) Always Below 1 ? C23-1 (HA2A) - C46-109 (HA2A) Always Below 1 ? Standard Resistance (Check for Short):
for LHD Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C22-1 (HA1A) or C45-86 (HA1A) - Body ground Always 10 k? or higher C23-1 (HA2A) or C45-109 (HA2A) - Body ground Always 10 k? or higher for RHD Tester Connection Condition Specified Condition C22-1 (HA1A) or C46-86 (HA1A) - Body ground Always 10 k? or higher C23-1 (HA2A) or C46-109 (HA2A) - Body ground Always 10 k? or higher
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| OK | |
| 13.CHECK AIR INDUCTION SYSTEM |
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Check the air induction system for vacuum leakage.
OK:
No leakage from air induction system.
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| OK | |
| 14.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE |
-
Check the fuel pressure.
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| OK | |
| 15.INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR |
-
Check the injector injection (whether fuel volume is large or small, and whether injection pattern is poor) .
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| OK | |
| 16.REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR |
-
Replace the air fuel ratio sensor .
| NEXT | |
| 17.PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN |
| NEXT | |
| 18.CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes / Pending.
-
Read DTCs.
Result Display (DTC Output) Proceed to No output A P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 B
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| A | |
| 19.CONFIRM IF VEHICLE HAS RUN OUT OF FUEL IN PAST |
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| YES | |
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| 20.REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR |
-
Replace the air fuel ratio sensor .
| NEXT | |
| 21.PERFORM CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN |
| NEXT | |
| 22.CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P2195, P2196, P2197 OR P2198) |
-
Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
-
Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
-
Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes / Pending.
-
Read DTCs.
Result Display (DTC Output) Proceed to No output A P2195, P2196, P2197 or P2198 (A/F sensor pending DTCs) B
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| A | |
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