Engine Unit Reassembly

Install the stud bolts.

Align the pin of the No. 1 oil nozzle with the pin hole of the cylinder block.

Install the 4 No. 1 oil nozzles with the 4 check valves.

Torque:

26 N*m{265 kgf*cm, 19 ft.*lbf}

Using a small screwdriver, install a new snap ring on one side of the piston pin hole.

Gradually heat the piston to approximately 80°C (176°F).

Coat the piston pin with engine oil.

Align the front marks of the piston and connecting rod, connect the connecting rod to the piston, and then push in the piston pin with your thumb.

Check the fit between the piston and piston pin. Try to move the piston back and forth on the piston pin.

Using a small screwdriver, install a new snap ring on the other side of the piston pin hole.

Install the coil and oil ring by hand.

HINT:

Make sure the end gap of the oil ring and the coil joint are on opposite sides.

Using a piston ring expander, install the No. 1 and No. 2 piston rings with the code marks facing upward.

Code Mark:

Item	Specified Condition
No. 1 Piston Ring	1VN
No. 2 Piston Ring	N2

Position the piston rings so that the ring ends are as shown in the illustration.

NOTICE:

Do not align the ring ends.

Align the bearing claw with the claw groove of the cylinder block and push in the 5 upper bearings.

Align the bearing claw with the claw groove of the crankshaft bearing cap and push in the 5 lower bearings.

Place the crankshaft on the cylinder block.

Push the crankshaft in one direction and install one thrust washer to the No. 5 journal position with the oil groove facing outward.

Push the crankshaft in the opposite direction and install the other thrust washer to the No. 5 journal position with the oil groove facing outward.

Install the 2 thrust washers to the No. 5 bearing cap with the grooves facing outward.

Install the 5 crankshaft bearing caps to their proper locations.

Install the crankshaft bearing cap bolts.

HINT:

1. The crankshaft bearing cap bolts are tightened in 2 progressive steps.
   
2. If a crankshaft bearing cap bolt is broken or deformed, replace it.
   

1. Apply a light coat of engine oil to the threads and under the bolt heads of the crankshaft bearing cap bolts.
   

2. Install and uniformly tighten the 10 bolts of the crankshaft bearing caps in several passes in the sequence shown in the illustration.
   

   Torque:

   50 N*m{510 kgf*cm, 37 ft.*lbf}

   If any one of the bearing cap bolts does not meet the torque specification, replace the bearing cap bolt.
   




3. Mark the front of each crankshaft bearing cap bolt with paint.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1	Painted Mark
   *a	Front

4. Tighten the crankshaft bearing cap bolts by 90° in the numerical order shown in the previous illustration.
   

5. Check that the painted marks are now at a 90° angle to the front.
   

Check that the crankshaft turns smoothly.

Check the crankshaft thrust clearance.

Align the bearing claw with the groove of the connecting rod or connecting rod cap.

Install the bearings to the connecting rod and connecting rod cap.

Apply engine oil to the cylinder walls, the pistons and the surfaces of the connecting rod bearings.

Check the positions of the piston ring ends.

Using a piston ring compressor, push the correctly numbered piston and connecting rod assembly into the cylinder with the front mark of the piston facing forward.

Place the connecting rod cap on the connecting rod.

1. Match each numbered connecting rod cap with the correct connecting rod.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1

   Matchmark





2. Align the pins of the connecting rod cap with the pin holes of the connecting rod and install the connecting rod cap.
   





3. Check that the front mark of the connecting rod cap is facing forward.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1	Front Mark (Protrusion)
   	Front

Install the connecting rod cap bolts.

HINT:

1. The connecting rod cap bolts are tightened in 2 progressive steps.
   
2. If any connecting rod bolt is broken or deformed, replace it.
   

1. Apply a light coat of engine oil to the threads and under the heads of the connecting rod cap bolts.
   

2. Install and alternately tighten the bolts of the connecting rod cap in several passes.
   

   Torque:

   35 N*m{357 kgf*cm, 26 ft.*lbf}

   HINT:

   If any one of the connecting rod cap bolts does not meet the torque specification, replace the cap bolt.





3. Mark the front of each connecting rod cap bolt with paint.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1	Painted Mark
   *a	Front

4. Tighten the connecting rod cap bolts by 90° as shown in the illustration.
   

5. Check that the painted marks are now at a 90° angle to the front.
   

Check that the crankshaft turns smoothly.

Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until its surface is flush with the rear engine oil seal retainer edge.

SST

09518-36030
09950-70010(09951-07100)

NOTICE:

1. Keep the lip free from foreign matter.
   
2. Do not tap the oil seal at an angle.
   

Apply MP grease to the lip of the oil seal.

Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until its surface is flush with the timing gear cover edge.

SST

09223-15020
09502-12010
09950-70010(09951-07100)

NOTICE:

1. Keep the lip free from foreign matter.
   
2. Do not tap the oil seal at an angle.
   

Apply MP grease to the lip of the oil seal.

Using SST and a hammer, tap in a new oil seal until its surface is flush with the timing gear cover edge.

SST

09214-76011

NOTICE:

1. Keep the lip free from foreign matter.
   
2. Do not tap the oil seal at an angle.
   

Apply MP grease to the lip of the oil seal.

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material) from the oil pan and cylinder block.

Apply seal packing to the places shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Standard seal diameter:

4 mm (0.157 in.)

NOTICE:

After applying seal packing, install the rear engine oil seal retainer within 3 minutes and tighten the bolts within 15 minutes.

Install the rear engine oil seal retainer with the 5 bolts. Alternately tighten the 5 bolts in several passes.

Torque:

13 N*m{133 kgf*cm, 10 ft.*lbf}

Install 2 new O-rings to the cylinder block.

Install a new gasket to the groove of the timing gear case.

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material).

Apply seal packing to the timing gear case as shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Standard seal diameter:

4 mm (0.157 in.)

NOTICE:

After applying seal packing, install the timing gear case assembly within 3 minutes and tighten the bolts within 15 minutes.

Install the timing gear case with the union bolt and 8 bolts.

Torque:

for union bolt (A):

16 N*m{163 kgf*cm, 12 ft.*lbf}

for bolt:

13 N*m{133 kgf*cm, 10 ft.*lbf}

Install a new gasket and the oil strainer with the 2 bolts and 2 nuts.

Torque:

8.0 N*m{82 kgf*cm, 71 in.*lbf}

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material).

Apply seal packing to the oil pan as shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Standard seal packing diameter:

4 mm (0.157 in.)

NOTICE:

After applying seal packing, install the oil pan within 3 minutes and tighten the bolts and nuts within 15 minutes.

Install the oil pan with the 22 bolts and 2 nuts.

Torque:

12 N*m{122 kgf*cm, 9 ft.*lbf}

Install a new O-ring and the fuel supply pump with the 2 nuts.

Torque:

21 N*m{214 kgf*cm, 15 ft.*lbf}

Temporarily install the injection gear with the nut.

HINT:

Fit the key (protrusion) of the fuel supply pump into the key slot of the injection gear.

Install a new O-ring to the injection gear.

Install the injection gear set nut.

Using SST, tighten the set nut.

SST

09960-10010(09962-01000,09963-01000)

Torque:

64 N*m{650 kgf*cm, 47 ft.*lbf}

Position the crankshaft timing gear with the "1" timing marks facing forward.

Align the key groove of the crankshaft timing gear with the set key on the crankshaft.

Using SST and a hammer, tap on the timing gear to install it.

SST

09223-00010

Apply a coat of engine oil to the No. 1 idle gear shaft.

Install the gear shaft as shown in the illustration.

Using a cloth or equivalent, mount the No. 1 idle gear in a vise as shown in the illustration.

NOTICE:

Be careful not to damage the gear.

Install the gear spring.

Install the No. 2 idle sub gear.

HINT:

Align the pins on the gears with the spring ends.

Install the wave washer.

Using snap ring pliers, install the snap ring.

Using SST, align the holes of the No. 1 idle gear and No. 2 idle sub gear by turning the No. 2 idle sub gear clockwise, and temporarily install a service bolt.

SST

09960-10010(09962-01000,09963-00700)

Text in Illustration

*1	Service Bolt
*2	No. 1 Idle Gear
*3	No. 2 Idle Sub Gear
	Turn

Align the gear teeth of the No. 1 idle gear and No. 2 idle sub gear and tighten the service bolt.

Align the "4" and "5" timing marks of the idle gear and crankshaft timing gear.

Using SST, turn the injection gear and align the "4" timing marks of the idle gear and injection gear, and then mesh the gears.

SST

09960-10010(09962-01000,09963-00700)

Position the idle gear thrust plate with the protrusion facing forward.

Align the bolt holes and install the idle gear thrust plate with the 2 bolts.

Torque:

50 N*m{510 kgf*cm, 37 ft.*lbf}

Remove the service bolt.

Align the key groove of the No. 1 crankshaft position sensor plate with the set key.

Install the No. 1 crankshaft position sensor plate with the cupped side facing outward.

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material).

Apply seal packing to the timing gear cover as shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Standard seal diameter:

4 mm (0.157 in.)

NOTICE:

After applying seal packing, install the timing gear cover within 3 minutes and tighten the bolts within 15 minutes.

Install a new O-ring to the timing gear case.

Install the timing gear cover with the 14 bolts and 2 nuts.

Torque:

13 N*m{133 kgf*cm, 10 ft.*lbf}

Remove the screw plug and gasket.

Pour approximately 50 cc (3.05 cu. in.) of engine oil into the oil pump.

Install a new gasket and the screw plug.

Torque:

42 N*m{423 kgf*cm, 31 ft.*lbf}

Install the No. 1 vacuum transmitting pipe with the bolt.

Torque:

13 N*m{133 kgf*cm, 10 ft.*lbf}

Install a new gasket and the water pump with the 5 bolts and 2 nuts.

Torque:

13 N*m{133 kgf*cm, 10 ft.*lbf}

Check the piston protrusions for each cylinder.

1. Clean the cylinder block with solvent.
   

2. Set the piston of the cylinder to be measured to slightly before TDC.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1	Measuring Tip
   *2	Protrusion

3. Place a dial indicator on the cylinder block, and position the measuring tip as shown in the illustration.
   

4. Set the dial indicator at 0 mm (0 in.)
   

   HINT:

   Make sure that the measuring tip is square to the cylinder block gasket surface and piston head when taking the measurements.

Find where the piston head protrudes most by slowly turning the crankshaft clockwise and counterclockwise.

Measure the piston protrusion of each cylinder at the 2 points shown in the illustration.

For the piston protrusion value of each cylinder, use the average of the 2 measurements of each cylinder.

Standard piston protrusion:

0.005 to 0.254 mm (0.000197 to 0.0100 in.)

HINT:

When installing the piston and connecting rod assembly, if the protrusion is not as specified, remove the piston and connecting rod assembly and reinstall them.

Select a new cylinder head gasket.

HINT:

New cylinder head gaskets are available in 5 sizes, and are marked A, B, C, D or E.

New Cylinder Head Gasket Thickness:

Mark	Specified Condition
A	0.80 to 0.90 mm (0.0315 to 0.0354 in.)
B	0.85 to 0.95 mm (0.0335 to 0.0374 in.)
C	0.90 to 1.00 mm (0.0354 to 0.0394 in.)
D	0.95 to 1.05 mm (0.0374 to 0.0413 in.)
E	1.00 to 1.10 mm (0.0394 to 0.0433 in.)

1. Select the largest piston protrusion value from the measurements made. Then select a new appropriate gasket according to the table below.
   
   

   Gasket Size:

   
   

   Item	Specified Condition
   Piston protrusion	0.005 to 0.054 mm (0.000197 to 0.00213 in.)	0.055 to 0.104 mm (0.00217 to 0.00409 in.)	0.105 to 0.154 mm (0.00413 to 0.00606 in.)	0.155 to 0.204 mm (0.00610 to 0.00803 in.)	0.205 to 0.255 mm (0.00807 to 0.0100 in.)
   Gasket to be used	A	B	C	D	E

Place the cylinder head on the cylinder block.

Text in Illustration

Front

NOTICE:

Make sure the gasket is installed facing the proper direction.

Place the cylinder head on the cylinder head gasket.

Apply a light coat of engine oil to the threads and under the heads of the cylinder head bolts.

Install and uniformly tighten the 18 cylinder head bolts and 18 washers in several passes in the sequence shown in the illustration.

Torque:

85 N*m{867 kgf*cm, 63 ft.*lbf}

Mark the front of each cylinder head bolt with paint.

Further tighten the cylinder head bolts by 90° in the sequence shown in the illustration.

Finally, tighten the cylinder head bolts by an additional 90°.

Check that the painted mark are now facing rearward.

Install the valve lifters.

Check that each valve lifter rotates smoothly by hand.

Using the crankshaft pulley bolt, set the No. 1 cylinder to 90° BTDC/compression.

HINT:

Set the No. 1 cylinder to 90° BTDC/compression to prevent the top of the piston from hitting against the valve head.

Install the camshaft.

1. Apply engine oil to the thrust portion of the camshaft.
   

2. Place the camshaft on the cylinder head with the key groove facing upward.
   

   Text in Illustration

   *1	Key Groove
   *a	Upward





3. Align the timing marks (1-dot marks) of the camshaft drive and driven main gears and set the No. 2 camshaft in place.
   

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material) from the camshaft bearing cap.

Apply seal packing to the specified areas shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Standard seal diameter:

4 mm (0.157 in.)

NOTICE:

1. Do not allow seal packing to contact the oil passage of the bearing cap.
   
2. After applying seal packing, install the camshaft bearing caps within 3 minutes and tighten the bolts within 15 minutes.
   
3. Do not start the engine for at least 2 hours after installation.
   

Install the 5 bearing caps to their proper locations.

Apply a light coat of engine oil to the threads and under the heads of the bearing cap bolts.

Install and uniformly tighten the 15 bearing cap bolts in several passes in the sequence shown in the illustration.

Torque:

19 N*m{194 kgf*cm, 14 ft.*lbf}

Install a new camshaft oil seal.

1. Apply MP grease to the lip of a new oil seal.
   

2. Using SST and a hammer, tap in the oil seal until its surface is flush with the surfaces of the camshaft bearing cap and cylinder head.
   

   SST

   09608-06041
   

Install the cylinder block insulator to the cylinder head.

Apply seal packing (FIPG) to the specified areas shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

NOTICE:

After applying FIPG, install the No. 2 timing belt cover within 3 minutes and tighten its bolts and nut within 15 minutes.

Clean the bolts and their holes.

Apply adhesive to 2 or 3 threads at the end of each of the 4 bolts.

Adhesive:

Toyota Genuine Adhesive 1324, Three Bond 1324 or equivalent

Install the No. 2 timing belt cover with the 4 bolts and nut.

Torque:

10 N*m{102 kgf*cm, 7 ft.*lbf}

Install the camshaft timing pulley.

Fasten the bolt of the camshaft timing pulley by holding the camshaft with a wrench.

Torque:

98 N*m{1000 kgf*cm, 72 ft.*lbf}

Install 4 new injection nozzle seats to the cylinder head.

Apply a light amount of clean engine oil to 4 new O-rings.

Install an O-ring to each injector as shown in the illustration.

Insert the 4 injectors into the cylinder head.

NOTICE:

1. Insert the injector until it touches the injection nozzle seat surface.
   
2. After installing the injector to the cylinder head, the O-ring may prevent the injector from fully seating. If so, pull out the injector and reinstall it.
   
3. Always return an injector to the same place it was removed from.
   

For an injector that has been replaced with a new injector, register the injector compensation code (Toyota Fortuner RM0000012XK04AX_02_0003.html).

Temporarily install 4 new washers and the 4 No. 1 nozzle holder clamps with the 4 bolts.

NOTICE:

1. The fork portion of the nozzle holder clamp must be set on the injector.
   
2. Before tightening the bolts, check that the No. 1 nozzle holder clamps are set properly.
   
3. To fasten the clamp bolts, first tighten them by hand until they cannot be turned further. Then, tighten the bolts to the specified torque on a following step.
   
4. When tightening the bolts, pay attention so as not to tilt the bolt or clamp.
   
5. Do not reuse the washer.
   
6. If the nozzle leakage pipe is accidentally tightened beyond the torque specification, it must be replaced.
   

HINT:

Apply a light amount of engine oil to the threads and under the heads of the clamp bolts.

Temporarily install the 4 injection pipes with the union nuts.

HINT:

To position the injectors, loosely tighten the union nuts.

Check the nozzle leakage pipe. Check that there are no scratches or dents on the 5 union seal surfaces.
If scratches or dents are present, replace the nozzle leakage pipe.

Set the leakage pipe and 5 new gaskets in place.

Apply a light amount of oil to the 4 injector hollow screws and union bolt.

Temporarily install the leakage pipe with the 4 injector hollow screws and union bolt.

Tighten the 4 holder clamp bolts.

Torque:

22 N*m{220 kgf*cm, 16 ft.*lbf}

Remove the 4 injection pipes.

Tighten the 4 injector hollow screws in order from 1 to 4.

Torque:

16 N*m{163 kgf*cm, 12 ft.*lbf}

NOTICE:

If a hollow screw is accidentally tightened beyond the torque specification, it must be replaced.

Tighten the union bolt.

Torque:

13 N*m{127 kgf*cm, 9 ft.*lbf}

NOTICE:

If the union bolt is accidentally tightened beyond the torque specification, it must be replaced.

Check that there are no leaks from the nozzle leakage pipe connection.

1. Install the gasket and No. 2 nozzle leakage pipe to the cylinder head with SST (check valve).
   

   Part No.:

   23762-27010 (No. 2 nozzle leakage pipe)
   

   SST

   09280-00010
   

   Torque:

   21 N*m{214 kgf*cm, 15 ft.*lbf}

2. Apply a light amount of soapy water (or other fluid for detecting fuel leakage) on the nozzle leakage pipe connection.
   





3. Install SST (turbocharger pressure gauge) to the fuel return side of the leakage pipe and maintain 100 kPa (1.0 kgf/cm², 15 psi) of pressure for 60 seconds to check that no bubbles form.
   

   SST

   09992-00242
   

   NOTICE:

   Before checking for leakage, be sure to remove the ball and spring in the check valve.

4. After checking for fuel leaks, wipe off the soapy water from the leakage pipe connection.
   

5. Remove SST, the No. 2 nozzle leakage pipe and gasket.
   

   NOTICE:

   Never reinstall the disassembled check valve to the engine.

Remove any old seal packing (FIPG material) from the cylinder head.

Apply seal packing to the specific areas shown in the illustration.

Seal packing:

Toyota Genuine Seal Packing Black, Three Bond 1207B or equivalent

Text in Illustration

Seal Packing

NOTICE:

1. Remove any oil from the contact surface.
   
2. Install the head cover within 3 minutes after applying seal packing.
   
3. Do not start the engine for at least 2 hours after installing the seal packing.
   

Install a new cylinder head cover gasket and the cylinder head cover with the 10 bolts and 2 nuts.

Torque:

9.0 N*m{92 kgf*cm, 80 in.*lbf}

Install 4 new nozzle holder seals.

Connect the ventilation hose.

Connect the 4 connectors and install the 3 bolts.

Torque:

5.0 N*m{51 kgf*cm, 44 in.*lbf}