Ecd System Turbocharger Oil Leak And White Smoke

DESCRIPTION

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

CHECK TYPE OF OIL LEAK

REPLACE THE PART WHICH IS LEAKING OIL

CHECK WHETHER WHITE SMOKE IS EMITTED

READ OUTPUT DTC (RELATED TO ENGINE)

CHECK WHITE SMOKE (ACCORDING TO ENGINE CONDITION)

CHECK TEMPERATURE WHEN WHITE SMOKE IS EMITTED

INSPECT GLOW PLUG ASSEMBLY (RESISTANCE)

CHECK INJECTOR COMPENSATION CODE

CHECK FUEL SYSTEM (DIESEL INJECTION SYSTEM)

CHECK ELECTRIC EGR CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY

CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

REPLACE TURBOCHARGER SUB-ASSEMBLY

CONFIRM WHETHER MALFUNCTION HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED

INSPECT COMPRESSOR INLET

INSPECT COMPRESSOR OUTLET

INSPECT TURBINE INLET

INSPECT TURBINE OUTLET

REPLACE TURBOCHARGER SUB-ASSEMBLY

CONFIRM WHETHER MALFUNCTION HAS BEEN SUCCESSFULLY REPAIRED

DESCRIPTION

HINT:

1. Turbocharger oil leaks are classified into 2 types. One is an internal oil leak, and the other is an external oil leak.
   
2. When oil leaks and smoke occur, sometimes the turbocharger is mistakenly replaced, even though the turbocharger is not the cause of the problem.
   
3. When there are oil marks on the surface of the compressor housing, or oil in the compressor inlet or outlet, the problem may mistakenly be determined to be a turbocharger oil leak.
   
4. Each part of the turbocharger is shown below.
   

HINT:

1. Above illustration is an example.
   
2. If the oil stain is similar to the one shown in the illustration (fig. 1), it may be oil spray from parts surrounding the turbocharger or oil leaking from the air cleaner hose. Therefore, this kind of oil stain on the outer surface of the turbocharger is not an oil leak from the turbocharger (external oil leak), and is not related to white smoke. For identification of an actual turbocharger outer oil leak, check only the sealing part shown below.
   

HINT:

1. Above illustration is an example.
   
2. A certain amount of oil is contained in the intake system because blow-by gas containing oil mist is returned to the intake system by the PCV. Therefore, the oil amount at the compressor inlet shown in the left figure (fig. 2) is normal and not an oil leak from the turbocharger (internal oil leak). Also, oil at the compressor outlet as shown in fig. 3 is normal.
   In addition, the compressor impeller surface may blacken due to blow-by gas but this is not abnormal.
   

HINT:

1. Above illustration is an example.
   
2. This is an illustration (fig. 4) of an air leak test performed by applying soapy water to the area of the leak. Bubbles indicate the leak point.
   

HINT:

1. Oil coking is caused by insufficient oil maintenance.
   
2. If the oil drain is clogged by coked oil, oil cannot be drained smoothly, and it overflows from the bearing housing to the compressor housing and turbine housing. This results in a large amount of white smoke from the exhaust pipe.
   If any solid (coked oil) is visually confirmed inside the bearing housing, it can be assumed to be the cause of internal oil leak.
   

HINT:

Above illustration is an example.

HINT:

Above illustration is an example.

HINT:

Above illustration is an example.

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

1. Check whether the oil leak is an internal or external oil leak.
   
   

   HINT:

   White smoke is not related to an external oil leak.

   
   

   Oil Leak Type	Description
   Internal oil leak (White smoke)	Oil leak from bearing housing to compressor housing (intake side) or turbine housing (exhaust side) through seal rings. Internal oil leak is not visible from outside of turbocharger. If oil leak occurs from turbine side seal, large amount of white smoke will be emitted from exhaust pipe.
   External oil leak	Oil leak from inside of turbocharger to outside of turbocharger (e.g. from FIPG seal, oil pipe flange or oil pipe union). Includes oil leaks visible from outside of turbocharger.

   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   External oil leak	A
   Internal oil leak	B

1. Replace the part which is leaking oil.
   

1. Fully depress the accelerator pedal, and then release it.
   

2. Check whether white smoke is emitted or not when racing the engine.
   

   CAUTION:

   Be sure not to check for white smoke indoors.

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   White smoke is emitted	A
   White smoke is not emitted	B

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / DTC.
   

4. Read the DTCs.
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   No DTCs are output	A
   DTCs related to engine are output	B

1. Check whether the white smoke is emitted only just after engine start and disappears later, or not.
   

   HINT:

   1. If white smoke appears for only a short period of time immediately after the engine is started, the white smoke is not from the turbocharger.
      
   2. If the turbocharger is the cause of the problem, regardless of whether the engine is cold or warmed up, there will be a large amount of white smoke to the extent that visibility is obstructed for a few meters in the area of the smoke (as shown in the illustration).
      
   3. Depending on whether there is oil mixed with the fuel, or whether there is unburned fuel present, the smell of the exhaust gas differs. When oil is mixed in, the exhaust gas smells like burning oil.
      
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Yes (white smoke is emitted only just after engine start)	A
   No (white smoke is always and continuously emitted)	B

1. Check whether the white smoke is emitted only in cold weather when the temperature is less than 0°C (32°F).
   

   HINT:

   1. If the white smoke is emitted only in cold conditions, the smoke is not from the turbocharger and may be the smoke of unburned fuel.
      
   2. If misfiring occurs, unburned fuel is emitted.
      
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Yes (white smoke is emitted in only cold conditions)	A
   No (white smoke is emitted in both cold and warm conditions)	B

1. Inspect the glow plug assembly.
   

1. Read the injector compensation codes (Toyota Fortuner RM0000012XK04AX_02_0006.html).
   

   OK:

   Compensation codes stored in the ECM match compensation codes of the installed fuel injectors.
   

   HINT:

   1. If those do not match, register correct compensation code.
      
   2. If necessary, perform "Pilot Quantity Learning" (Toyota Fortuner RM0000012XK04AX_02_0009.html).
      

1. Check the fuel system (Toyota Fortuner RM0000012WW02TX.html).
   

HINT:

1. If the amount of EGR is excessive due to a failure of the EGR valve, combustion when the coolant temperature is cold becomes unstable and leads to misfire.
   
2. When the EGR valve cannot completely close, a lack of power is felt and the MAF sensor value deviates from the standard value.
   

1. Connect the intelligent tester to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the intelligent tester on.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / EGR Close Lrn. Status.
   

4. Read the value.
   

   OK:

   EGR Close Lrn. Status is OK
   

5. Start the engine and warm it up, and make sure the A/C switch and all accessory switches are off.
   

6. Turn the ignition switch off. Wait for 30 seconds, and then restart the engine.
   

7. Turn the intelligent tester on.
   

8. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF.
   

9. Read the MAF value displayed on the intelligent tester while the engine is idling.
   

10. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Activate the VSV for EGR Close.
    

11. Read the MAF value when the Active Test is performed.
    

    HINT:

    1. If idling continues for 15 minutes or more, the EGR valve target opening angle becomes 0% (EGR valve fully closed). As this makes diagnosis impossible, it becomes necessary to drive the vehicle or to restart the engine.
       
    2. Before performing the diagnosis, confirm that the EGR valve target opening angle is not 0%.
       

    OK:

    MAF value changes according to Active Test operation.
    

    HINT:

    1. The problem may be a temporary one, due to the entry of deposits or foreign matter. Check that there are no deposits or foreign matter in the electric vacuum regulating valve assembly or mass air flow meter.
       
    2. When Active Test is turned on and the MAF value does not change, the EGR passages may be clogged.
       

12. Remove the electric EGR control valve assembly (Toyota Fortuner RM000002RK901EX.html).
    

13. Visually check the EGR valve for deposits. If there are deposits, clean the EGR valve and EGR passage (intake/exhaust manifold, EGR pipes, etc.).
    

    NOTICE:

    1. When cleaning the EGR valve, make sure the valve is completely closed.
       
    2. Do not forcibly open the valve, as it may be damaged or deformed.
       
    3. When cleaning the EGR valve, use a piece of cloth soaked with cleaning solvent. Spraying the solvent directly onto these parts or soaking the parts in the solvent may damage the parts.
       

14. Hold the EGR valve up to a light, and visually check that there is no gap between the valve and body.
    

    OK:

    No light passes through (there is no gap between the valve and body).
    

    HINT:

    1. If light passes through (there is a gap between the valve and body), replace the EGR valve assembly.
       
    2. If any inspection result above is NG, check the EGR system, referring to the inspection procedure for DTC P0400.
       

1. Check the cylinder compression pressure.
   

   HINT:

   1. If any of following malfunctions occurs, white smoke is emitted.
      
   1. Nozzle seat sealing failure
      
   2. Piston cracking
      
   3. Piston rings breakage
      
   2. To check whether the pistons and piston rings have a malfunction, remove the oil level dipstick. If oil sprays out, the pressure inside the crankcase has risen which indicates that there is a malfunction in a piston or piston ring.
      

1. Replace the turbocharger sub-assembly (Toyota Fortuner RM00000143U00UX.html).
   

1. Check whether the white smoke problem has been successfully repaired by starting the engine.
   

1. Remove the air cleaner hose from the compressor inlet (remove the compressor inlet elbow if necessary).
   

2. Check whether an excessive amount of oil is present or not, and whether excessive oil deposits are attached to the compressor impeller or not.
   

   HINT:

   1. A certain amount of oil may be present as shown in fig. 2 in "Description", because a certain amount of oil mist is contained in the PCV gas and this oil accumulates just before the compressor inlet.
      
   2. If an excessive amount of oil is present at the compressor inlet, there may be a problem in the PCV system.
      

3. Reinstall the air cleaner hose (compressor inlet elbow).
   

1. Remove the air hose from the compressor outlet.
   

2. Check whether or not an excessive amount of oil or excessive oil deposits are present at the compressor outlet.
   

   HINT:

   A certain amount of oil may be present as shown in fig. 3 in "Description", because a certain amount of oil mist is contained in the PCV gas.

   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Excessive amount of oil present at both compressor inlet and outlet	C
   Excessive amount of oil present only at compressor outlet	B
   Excessive amount of oil not present at compressor inlet and outlet	A

3. Reinstall the air hose.
   

1. Remove the turbocharger from the engine.
   

2. Check whether an excessive amount of wet oil or excessive oil deposits are present at the turbine inlet.
   

   HINT:

   Be sure not to mistake carbon soot for oil.

1. Check whether an excessive amount of wet oil or excessive oil deposits are present at the turbine outlet.
   

   HINT:

   1. Be sure not to mistake carbon soot for oil.
      
   2. If the turbocharger shaft is tilted, some amount of oil will flow out from the bearing housing. Therefore, be sure not to mistake oil that flowed out from the bearing housing during or after the removal of the turbocharger for oil that was present before the removal of the turbocharger.
      
   3. If an excessive amount of oil or excessive oil deposits are present at the turbine inlet, this oil is coming from the exhaust port of the cylinders, and may indicate a problem in 1 or more cylinders.
      
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Excessive amount of oil present at both turbine inlet and outlet	B
   Excessive amount of oil present only at turbine outlet	A

1. Replace the turbocharger sub-assembly (Toyota Fortuner RM00000143U00UX.html).
   

1. Check whether the oil leakage problem has been successfully repaired.