Dtc P1604 Startability Malfunction

DESCRIPTION

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT AND RECORD FREEZE FRAME DATA

CHECK ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM

CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (SENSOR INSTALLATION)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOM

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

INSPECT BATTERY

CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY

CHECK STARTER ASSEMBLY

INSPECT BATTERY

INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

INSPECT BATTERY

CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

CHECK SPARK PLUG AND SPARK

CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK SPARK PLUG

READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)

CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (IGNITION COIL POWER SOURCE)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)

CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT LINEAR)

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT EXHAUST LINEAR)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

READ VALUE USING GTS

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

CHECK SPARK PLUG

CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK VVT SENSOR

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK VVT SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK AND REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK VVT SENSOR

READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

INSPECT FUEL PUMP

CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)

PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

INSPECT FUEL PUMP

CHECK PURGE VSV

CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

CHECK INTAKE VALVE

READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK VVT SENSOR

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

CHECK VVT SENSOR

DTC P1604 Startability Malfunction

DESCRIPTION

This DTC is stored when the engine does not start even though the STA signal is input, when the engine takes a long time to start, and when the engine speed is low or the engine stalls just after the engine starts.
Using the GTS, the conditions present when the DTC was stored can be confirmed by referring to the freeze frame data. Freeze frame data records engine conditions when a malfunction occurs. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.
It is necessary to check if the vehicle ran out of fuel before performing troubleshooting, as this DTC is also stored when there is engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel.

DTC No.	DTC Detection Condition	Trouble Area
P1604	Either condition is met: The engine speed is less than 500 rpm with the STA signal on for a certain amount of time (refer to the illustration below) (1 trip detection logic). After the engine starts (the engine speed is 500 rpm or more), the engine speed drops to 200 rpm or less within approximately 2 seconds (1 trip detection logic).	Engine immobiliser system (w/ engine immobiliser system) Engine assembly (excess friction, compression loss) Starter assembly Crankshaft position sensor VVT sensor Engine coolant temperature sensor Fuel pump Fuel pump control circuit Fuel pipes Fuel injector assembly Throttle body with motor assembly Fuel pressure regulator assembly Battery Drive plate and ring gear sub-assembly (for automatic transmission) Flywheel sub-assembly (for manual transmission) Spark plug Ignition coil circuit Intake system Camshaft timing oil control valve assembly Mass air flow meter Air fuel ratio sensor Valve timing Fuel Purge VSV Intake valve Exhaust valve ECM

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

HINT:

1. In contrast to normal malfunction diagnosis for components, circuits and systems, DTC P1604 is used to determine the malfunctioning area from the problem symptoms and freeze frame data when the user mentions problems such as starting difficulty.
   As this DTC can be stored as a result of certain user actions, even if this DTC is output, if the customer makes no mention of problems, clear this DTC without performing any troubleshooting and return the vehicle to the customer.
   
2. If any other DTCs are output, perform troubleshooting for those DTCs first.
   
3. When the Data List item "Immobiliser Fuel Cut" is ON, the engine cannot be started.
   
4. Read freeze frame data using the GTS. Freeze frame data records engine conditions when a malfunction occurs. This information can be useful when troubleshooting.
   
5. When confirming the freeze frame data, be sure to check all 5 sets of freeze frame data (Click here).
   
6. When confirming freeze frame data, if there are multiple items related to the cause of the malfunction, perform troubleshooting for all related items.
   
7. Try to start the vehicle under the conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the malfunction occurred. Confirm the data at this time and compare it with the freeze frame data.
   
8. If the malfunction does not reoccur, carefully check the vehicle conditions from when the malfunction occurred using freeze frame data.
   
9. When performing inspections, jiggle the relevant wire harnesses and connectors in an attempt to reproduce malfunctions that do not always occur.
   
10. If the same inspection or replacement procedure appears 2 times when performing an inspection procedure, it is not necessary to repeat the procedure the second time.
    

Malfunction Recurrence and Inspection Areas

1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.

   1. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 0 rpm (the engine does not crank).
      

      HINT:

      One of the following problems may be present: battery depletion, excess engine friction, a starter malfunction or a crankshaft position sensor malfunction.

      1. If the battery voltage is less than 6 V during cranking, there is a high probability that engine friction is abnormal.
         
      2. If the battery voltage drops to 5 V or less when starting the engine, the battery may be malfunctioning.
         
      
      
      3. If the battery voltage fluctuates while cranking the engine, it can be concluded that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor and/or ECM may be malfunctioning.
         
         
         
         
         
         

   2. All engine speeds recorded in the freeze frame data are between 100 and 250 rpm (the engine cranks but there is no combustion).
      

      HINT:

      If the engine speed is between 100 and 250 rpm (no initial combustion), there may be a wiring problem or a complete failure of an ignition or fuel system part.

      
      
      1. Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and the engine may not be able to be started.
         
         
         
         
         
         

   3. The engine speed recorded in the freeze frame data is 250 rpm or higher (the initial combustion and starter turnoff timing is too late).
      

      HINT:

      If the engine speed is 250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but the initial combustion and starter turnoff timing is too late), the fuel injection volume is often incorrect (too low or too high) and determining the cause of the malfunction is often difficult.

      1. Due to an engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction, the fuel injection volume is extremely high or low and engine starting trouble may occur.
         
      2. If Long FT is incorrect, there may be a fuel supply problem due to the injectors or fuel pump being clogged, etc.
         
      
      
      3. If the engine cranking speed is too high, compression loss may have occurred due to carbon interfering with the valve operation.
         
         
         
         
         
         

2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or malfunction conditions are known, confirm the following details of the problem symptom and inspect the systems listed below.

   1. Problem Symptoms
      

      1. The engine does not crank.
         

         HINT:

         The starter is normal if a noise that indicates the starter pinion gear is extending is heard. The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.

      2. The engine cranking speed is abnormal.
         

         HINT:

         If the engine cranking speed is too high (for example, 300 rpm or higher with no combustion), compression loss may have occurred because carbon interfered with valve operation, etc.

      3. There is no initial combustion.
         

         HINT:

         If there is no initial combustion, there is probably a wiring problem or an ignition or fuel system part malfunction.

      4. The engine stalls after starter turnoff.
         

         HINT:

         If the engine stalls after starter turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the VVT may have a problem returning.

      5. The initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late.
         

         HINT:

         If the initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume is probably incorrect (too low or too high).

         HINT:

         Causes of fuel system malfunctions according to conditions present at the time of the malfunction.

         1. When 2 to 3 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Fuel pressure loss due to the fuel pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure.
            
         2. When 15 to 120 minutes have elapsed after stopping the engine: Problem with injector fuel seal.
            
         3. When a long time has elapsed after stopping the engine: Fuel pressure regulator is stuck open.
            

   2. Systems to Inspect
      

      1. Intake system
         
      2. Ignition system
         
      3. Fuel system
         

INSPECTION FLOW

1. Freeze frame data exists, but the malfunction (starting difficulty) has not reoccurred and the malfunction conditions are unknown.
   
   

   Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Procedure
   Engine Speed	0 rpm (no engine cranking at all)	Battery fully depleted Engine assembly (excess friction) Starter assembly Crankshaft position sensor ECM	4 to 9
   	100 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion*1)	Engine immobiliser system Fuel pump control circuit Ignition system Engine coolant temperature sensor Fuel injection system	10 to 14
   	250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter turnoff*2 occur late)	Engine immobiliser system Engine assembly (compression loss) Fuel injection system Fuel pump control circuit	15 to 23

   HINT:

   1. *1: First combustion after cranking begins.
      
   2. *2: Condition when engine speed increases and starter can be turned off.
      

2. When the malfunction (starting difficulty) can be reproduced, or when malfunction conditions are known.

   1. Problem Symptoms
      
      

      Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Suspected Component	Procedure
      The engine does not crank	Battery malfunction	Battery fully depleted	26 to 31
      	Starting system	Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage) Starting system
      	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (excess friction) Drive plate wear or tooth damage (for automatic transmission) Ring gear wear or tooth damage (for manual transmission)
      Cranking speed too low	Battery malfunction	Battery fully depleted	32 to 34
      	Starting system	Starter assembly
      	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (excess friction)
      Cranking speed too high	Engine assembly	Engine assembly (compression loss)
      There is no initial combustion	Fuel supply problem	Cannot maintain pressure due to fuel pressure regulator malfunction Fuel injector leak Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump control circuit Fuel pump	35 to 50
      	Engine immobiliser system	Engine immobiliser system (w/ immobiliser system)
      	Ignition system malfunction	Spark plug Crankshaft position sensor Ignition coil assembly
      Engine stalls after starter turnoff	Air suction	Intake system connections	51 to 57
      	Deposits in throttle body	Throttle body with motor assembly
      	VVT valve does not return properly	Camshaft timing oil control valve assembly
      	Mass air flow meter malfunction	Mass air flow meter
      Initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late	Engine coolant temperature sensor malfunction	Engine coolant temperature sensor	58 to 71
      	Mass air flow meter malfunction	Mass air flow meter
      	Abnormal A/F learned value	Air fuel ratio sensor
      	Deviation from fuel injection characteristics	Fuel injector assembly
      	Wet-fouled or dry-fouled spark plug	Spark plug
      	Lack of fuel pressure	Fuel pressure regulator assembly Fuel pump Fuel pump control circuit

   2. Systems to Inspect
      
      

      Troubleshooting by System	Suspected Area	Suspected Component	Procedure
      Fuel system troubleshooting A	Abnormal A/F learned value	Fuel injector assembly	87 to 94 95 to 102
      	Rough idling	Crankshaft position sensor
      	Abnormal fuel pressure	Fuel Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump Fuel pressure regulator assembly
      Fuel system troubleshooting B	Abnormal concentration of HC in surge tank	Purge VSV system Fuel injector assembly	103 to 105
      Fuel system troubleshooting C	Injection signal system malfunction	Fuel injector assembly Crankshaft position sensor VVT sensor ECM	73 to 77
      Intake system troubleshooting	Difference between ISC target value and opening angle when idling	Engine assembly (compression loss) Valve timing Engine coolant temperature sensor ECM	84 to 86 106 to 108
      Ignition system troubleshooting	Camshaft and/or crankshaft position sensor signal malfunction	Crankshaft position sensor system (including sensor installation) VVT sensor system (including sensor installation) ECM	78 to 83 109 to 114

1.CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT AND RECORD FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.
   

4. Read the DTCs and record the freeze frame data.
   

   HINT:

   1. This freeze frame data shows the actual engine conditions when engine starting trouble occurred.
      
   2. When confirming the freeze frame data, be sure to check all 5 data sets of freeze frame data.
      
   3. The fourth set of freeze frame data is the data recorded when the DTC is stored.
      
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Only DTC P1604 is output	A
   DTCs other than P1604 are output	B

B	GO TO DTC CHART (Click here)

A

2.CHECK ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM

HINT:

If the vehicle is not equipped with an engine immobiliser system, proceed to the next step (OK).

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Turn the GTS on.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / All Data / Immobiliser Fuel Cut.
   

5. Read the value displayed on the GTS.
   

   OK:

   Immobiliser Fuel Cut is OFF.
   

   HINT:

   1. If the engine is started immediately after reconnecting the battery terminal, the engine may stall immediately after it starts due to the intercommunication process between each ECU. For this reason, when starting the engine after reconnecting the battery terminal, first turn the ignition switch to ON and then wait several seconds for the communication process to complete before starting the engine.
      
   2. When this operation causes DTC P1604 to be stored, this is due to normal operation of the immobiliser system and does not indicate a malfunction, so clear the DTC and return the vehicle to the customer.
      

NG	REPAIR ENGINE IMMOBILISER SYSTEM

OK

3.CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

1. Confirm the problem symptoms.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Freeze frame data exists, but the starting difficulty cannot be reproduced and it is unknown what kind of starting difficulty occurred	A
   The problem symptoms can be reproduced, or the malfunction conditions are known	B

B	Go to step 25

A

4.CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Freeze Frame Data Item		Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Engine Speed	Battery Voltage
   All 5 sets of freeze frame data are 0 rpm (no engine cranking at all)	Minimum voltage is below 5 V	Battery fully depleted	A
   	Minimum voltage is 5 V or higher	Starter malfunction Crankshaft position sensor system Excess engine friction ECM	B
   60 to 250 rpm (engine cranks but no initial combustion)	-	Engine immobiliser system Fuel pump control circuit Ignition system Engine coolant temperature sensor Fuel injection system	C
   250 rpm or higher (combustion occurs but initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late)	-	Engine immobiliser system Engine assembly Fuel injection system Fuel pump control circuit	D

   HINT:

   When DTC P1604 is stored, either "Engine Start Hesitation"*1 or "Low Rev for Eng Start"*2 in the freeze frame data will be ON. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, proceed to E.

   *1: This value turns ON when the engine speed does not reach a certain value for a certain period of time when starting the engine.

   *2: This value turns ON when the engine stalls immediately after starting the engine. If "Low Rev for Eng Start" is ON, as there is a possibility that the low engine speed or engine stall was caused by the user, confirm the following freeze frame data items.

   1. Immobiliser Fuel Cut
      
   2. Engine Speed (starter off)
      
   3. Shift SW Status (R, D)
      

B	Go to step 5
C	Go to step 10
D	Go to step 15
E	Go to step 51

A
CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

5.CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Battery Voltage	Minimum voltage is 6 V or higher and voltage does not fluctuate*1	Starter system	A
   	Minimum voltage is 6 V or higher and voltage fluctuates*2, *3	Crankshaft position sensor system ECM	B
   	Minimum voltage is 5 to 6 V*4	Excess engine friction Battery fully depleted	C

   HINT:

   
   
   1. *1: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show approximately the same battery voltage.
      
   2. *2: The 5 sets of freeze frame data show different battery voltages.
      
   3. *3: If the voltage fluctuates, it can be determined that cranking is being performed. When the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor system and/or the ECM may be malfunctioning.
      
   4. *4: There may be excess engine friction. Make sure that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when turning it by hand. Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.
      

B	Go to step 6
C	CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE OR BATTERY

A
CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUIT (Click here)

6.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (SENSOR INSTALLATION)

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Normal	A
   Abnormal	B

B	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

A

7.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Check for oil on the connector terminals.
   

   OK:

   No oil on the terminals.
   

NG	REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (Click here)

OK

8.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C45-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C45-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C45-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C45-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C46-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C46-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C46-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C46-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

9.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

10.CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Freeze Frame Data Item			Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C, Intake Air	Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C	Fuel Pump Duty
   Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is 10°C or more*1	Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or below Ambient Temp for A/C by 15°C or more	-	Engine coolant temperature sensor	A
   	Other than above	No sets of freeze frame data are 0%	-	B
   		At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is 0%	Fuel pump control circuit	C
   Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is less than 10°C*2	-	At least 1 of the 5 sets of freeze frame data is 0%	Fuel pump control circuit	C
   		No sets of freeze frame data are 0%	-	B

   HINT:

   1. *1: A long time had not elapsed after stopping the engine.
      
   2. *2: A long time had elapsed after stopping the engine.
      

B	Go to step 11
C	CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (Click here)

A
REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (Click here)

11.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump.
   

   OK:

   Control the Fuel Pump / Speed	Specified Condition
   ON	Operating sound heard
   OFF	Operating sound not heard

   HINT:

   Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

NG	REPAIR FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

12.CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
   

   Standard Voltage:

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 2	C16-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 3	C7-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 4	C14-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 5	C9-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 6	C12-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V

   Text in Illustration

   *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

13.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
   No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.
      
   3. Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.
      

B	Go to step 14

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

14.CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck	A
   There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck	B

B	Go to step 24

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

15.CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Freeze Frame Data Item				Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C, Intake Air	Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C	Long FT	Engine Speed
   Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is 10°C or more	Coolant Temp is 125°C or higher, or below Ambient Temp for A/C by 15°C or more	-	-	Engine coolant temperature sensor	A
   	Other than above	-15% or less, or +15% or more	-	Fuel pump control circuit Fuel injector assembly	B
   		-15 to +15%	Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*	Engine assembly	C
   			Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm	Fuel system Intake air system	D
   Difference between Coolant Temp, Ambient Temp for A/C and Intake Air is less than 10°C	-	-15% or less, or +15% or more	-	Fuel pump control circuit Fuel injector assembly	B
   		-15 to +15%	Minimum speed is 300 rpm or more*	Engine assembly	C
   			Minimum speed is less than 300 rpm	Fuel system Intake air system	D

   HINT:

   *: Compression loss may have occurred in the engine assembly.

B	Go to step 16
C	CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE ASSEMBLY
D	Go to step 18

A
REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (Click here)

16.INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Check that no carbon is stuck to the fuel injector assembly.
   

   OK:

   No carbon present.
   

NG	REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

OK

17.CHECK FUEL SYSTEM

1. Check for foreign matter such as iron particles around the fuel pump (fuel pump, fuel pump filter, and inside the fuel tank), and for signs that the fuel pump was stuck.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   There is foreign matter or signs that fuel pump was stuck	A
   There is no foreign matter and no signs that fuel pump was stuck	B

B	Go to step 24

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL SYSTEM

18.CHECK FREEZE FRAME DATA

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Using the GTS, confirm the vehicle conditions recorded in the freeze frame data which were present when the DTC was stored (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Freeze Frame Data Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Coolant Temp	Engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less*1	Fuel pressure regulator assembly	A
   	Engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C*2	Fuel injector assembly	B
   	Engine coolant temperature is 90°C or higher*3	Fuel pressure regulator assembly	A

   HINT:

   *1: If the engine coolant temperature is 40°C or less (after stopping the engine and the vehicle has not been driven for a long period of time), the fuel pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

   *2: If the engine coolant temperature is 40 to 90°C (15 to 120 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be fuel leaking from a fuel injector.

   *3: If the engine coolant temperature is 90°C or more (2 to 5 minutes have passed after stopping the engine), there may be a problem with the fuel pressure regulator failing to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the fuel pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

B	Go to step 20

A

19.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

HINT:

For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.
   

   Standard:

   147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm²) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)
   

   HINT:

   If the engine cannot be started, read the values after cranking the engine.

   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Normal	A
   Abnormal	B

A	Go to step 24
B	REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

20.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.
   

2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   4000 ppm or more	A
   Less than 4000 ppm	B

   HINT:

   If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

B	Go to step 22

A

21.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Abnormal	A
   Normal	B

B	Go to step 22

A
REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

22.CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Check if carbon is in the airflow passage.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Carbon in passage	A
   No carbon present	B

B	Go to step 23

A
CLEAN OR REPLACE THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

23.CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

1. Check the intake system for vacuum leaks (Click here).
   

   OK:

   No leaks in intake system.
   

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

OK

24.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Check if the engine can be started.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Engine can be started	A
   Engine cannot be started	B

B	Go to step 25

A
END

25.CONFIRM PROBLEM SYMPTOM

1. Confirm the problem symptoms.
   

   HINT:

   The problem symptoms below can be determined by reading the freeze frame data.

   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   The engine does not crank	Battery fully depleted Starter assembly (includes pinion gear wear or tooth damage) Starter system Engine assembly (excess friction) Drive plate wear or tooth damage (for automatic transmission) Ring gear wear or tooth damage (for manual transmission)	A
   Abnormal cranking speed	Battery fully depleted Starter assembly Engine assembly (excess friction, compression loss)	B
   There is no initial combustion (combustion does not occur even once)*1	Failure of fuel pressure regulator to maintain pressure Fuel injector leak Fuel leak from fuel line Fuel pump control circuit Fuel pump Spark plug Crankshaft position sensor system Ignition coil system	C
   The engine stalls after starter turnoff (engine stalls immediately after the first time the engine speed increases)*2	Intake system connections Throttle body with motor assembly Camshaft timing oil control valve assembly Mass air flow meter system	D
   The initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late*3	Engine coolant temperature sensor Mass air flow meter Air fuel ratio sensor Heated oxygen sensor Fuel injector assembly Spark plug Fuel pressure regulator assembly Fuel pump Fuel pump control circuit	E

   HINT:

   1. If there is hesitation (cranking speed is slow and combustion occurs before passing TDC) during the initial cranking period, the battery charge may be insufficient or the starter may be malfunctioning.
      
   2. *1: If there is no initial combustion, a wire harness may be malfunctioning, or the ignition or fuel system may be malfunctioning.
      
   3. *2: If the engine stalls after starter turnoff, the air-fuel ratio may be incorrect or the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly may have a problem returning.
      
   4. *3: If the initial combustion and starter turnoff occur late, the fuel injection volume may be incorrect (too low or too high).
      

B	Go to step 32
C	Go to step 35
D	Go to step 51
E	Go to step 58

A

26.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. When cranking the engine, check for a noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending, and check that the starter pinion gear is not spinning freely.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is heard and the starter pinion gear is not spinning freely*	Battery Excess engine friction Starter assembly	A
   A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is heard but the starter pinion gear is spinning freely	Drive plate (for automatic transmission) Ring gear (for manual transmission) Starter assembly	B
   A noise indicating that the starter pinion gear is extending is not heard	Battery Starter assembly Starter system	C

   HINT:

   *: The battery may be fully depleted or there may be excess engine friction.

B	Go to step 29
C	Go to step 30

A

27.INSPECT BATTERY

1. Check the electrolyte quantity.
   

   OK:

   Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.
   

2. Inspect the specific gravity.
   

   1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.
      

      Standard specific gravity:

      1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      1. If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.
         
      2. It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.
         

3. Inspect the battery voltage.
   

   1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.
      

   2. Measure the battery voltage.
      

      Standard voltage:

      12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

   3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.
      

      Standard:

      Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)
      

      HINT:

      When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

NG	CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

OK

28.CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY

1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.
   

   OK:

   Crankshaft rotates smoothly.
   

   HINT:

   Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

OK
INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY (Click here)

29.CHECK STARTER ASSEMBLY

1. Remove the starter assembly (Click here).
   

2. Check for starter pinion gear wear and damage.
   

   OK:

   There is no wear or damage.
   

NG	REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY (Click here)

OK
REPLACE DRIVE PLATE AND RING GEAR SUB-ASSEMBLY OR FLYWHEEL RING GEAR (Click here)

30.INSPECT BATTERY

1. Check the electrolyte quantity.
   

   OK:

   Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.
   

2. Inspect the specific gravity.
   

   1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.
      

      Standard specific gravity:

      1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      1. If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.
         
      2. It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.
         

3. Inspect the battery voltage.
   

   1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.
      

   2. Measure the battery voltage.
      

      Standard voltage:

      12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

   3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.
      

      Standard:

      Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)
      

      HINT:

      When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

NG	CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

OK

31.INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY

1. Inspect the starter assembly (Click here).
   

NG	REPLACE STARTER ASSEMBLY (Click here)

OK
CHECK STARTER SIGNAL CIRCUIT (Click here)

32.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Check the cranking speed.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Cranking speed is slow (100 rpm or less)	Battery Starter assembly Excess engine friction	A
   Cranking speed is fast (300 rpm or more)*	Engine compression loss	B

   HINT:

   *: If the cranking speed is fast, there may be compression loss.

B	CHECK AND REPAIR ENGINE ASSEMBLY

A

33.INSPECT BATTERY

1. Check the electrolyte quantity.
   

   OK:

   Electrolyte quantity is within the specified range.
   

2. Inspect the specific gravity.
   

   1. Inspect the specific gravity of each cell.
      

      Standard specific gravity:

      1.25 to 1.29 (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      1. If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.
         
      2. It is not necessary to inspect a maintenance-free battery.
         

3. Inspect the battery voltage.
   

   1. Turn the ignition switch off and turn on the headlights for 20 to 30 seconds. This will remove the surface charge from the battery.
      

   2. Measure the battery voltage.
      

      Standard voltage:

      12.5 to 12.9 V (electrolyte is at 20°C (68°F))
      

      HINT:

      If the result is not as specified, recharge or replace the battery.

   3. Measure the battery voltage when cranking the engine.
      

      Standard:

      Approximately 6 V or higher (0°C (32°F) or higher)
      

      HINT:

      When the battery is depleted, the horn becomes quieter.

NG	CHARGE OR REPLACE BATTERY

OK

34.CHECK ENGINE ASSEMBLY

1. Check that the crankshaft rotates smoothly when rotating it by hand.
   

   OK:

   Crankshaft rotates smoothly.
   

   HINT:

   Excess engine friction may have occurred temporarily. Remove the cylinder head cover and oil pan and check for foreign matter such as iron fragments. If there is a malfunction or signs of a malfunction present, perform a detailed inspection by disassembling all the parts.

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

OK
INSPECT STARTER ASSEMBLY (Click here)

35.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Using a sound scope or screwdriver, check for fuel injector operating noise while cranking the engine.
   

   OK:

   Fuel injector operating noise is heard.
   

NG	Go to step 48

OK

36.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

1. Inspect the fuel pressure (Click here).
   

NG	Go to step 46

OK

37.CHECK SPARK PLUG AND SPARK

1. Check for sparks (Click here).
   

NG	Go to step 41

OK

38.CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1	Fuel pressure regulator is stuck open	A
   When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2	Fuel injector leak	B
   When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3	Failure of fuel pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure	A
   Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs	-	C*4

   HINT:

   *1: The fuel pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

   *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

   *3: The fuel pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the fuel pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

   *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).

B	Go to step 40
C	Go to step 72

A

39.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

HINT:

For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A*
   Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

   HINT:

   1. If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.
      
   2. *: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).
      

A	Go to step 72
B	REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

40.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   4000 ppm or more	A
   Less than 4000 ppm	B*

   HINT:

   1. If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.
      
   2. *: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).
      

B	Go to step 72

A
REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

41.CHECK SPARK PLUG

1. Inspect the spark plugs (Click here).
   

   HINT:

   Even if the spark plug of only one cylinder is malfunctioning, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders.

NG	REPLACE SPARK PLUG (Click here)

OK

42.READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.
   

4. Start the engine.
   

5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.
   

   OK:

   A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.
   

   HINT:

   1. Check the engine speed using a line graph.
      
   2. If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.
      
   3. If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.
      

NG	CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

43.CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (IGNITION COIL POWER SOURCE)

1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connectors.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
   

   Standard Voltage:

   Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
   C4-1 (+B) - C4-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   C15-1 (+B) - C15-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   C130-1 (+B) - C130-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   C140-1 (+B) - C140-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   C8-1 (+B) - C8-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   C11-1 (+B) - C11-4 (GND)	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V

   Text in Illustration

   *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Ignition Coil Assembly)

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	CHECK IGNITION COIL POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

44.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C4-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C15-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C130-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C140-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C8-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C11-2 (IGF) - C45-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C4-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C15-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C130-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C140-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C8-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C11-2 (IGF) or C45-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C4-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C15-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C130-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C140-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C8-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C11-2 (IGF) - C46-104 (IGF1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C4-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C15-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C130-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C140-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C8-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C11-2 (IGF) or C46-104 (IGF1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

45.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY - ECM)

1. Disconnect the ignition coil assembly connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C4-3 (IGT1) - C45-40 (IGT1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C15-3 (IGT2) - C45-39 (IGT2)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C130-3 (IGT3) - C45-38 (IGT3)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C140-3 (IGT4) - C45-37 (IGT4)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C8-3 (IGT5) - C45-36 (IGT5)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C11-3 (IGT6) - C45-35 (IGT6)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C4-3 (IGT1) or C45-40 (IGT1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C15-3 (IGT2) or C45-39 (IGT2) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C130-3 (IGT3) or C45-38 (IGT3) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C140-3 (IGT4) or C45-37 (IGT4) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C8-3 (IGT5) or C45-36 (IGT5) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C11-3 (IGT6) or C45-35 (IGT6) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C4-3 (IGT1) - C46-40 (IGT1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C15-3 (IGT2) - C46-39 (IGT2)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C130-3 (IGT3) - C46-38 (IGT3)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C140-3 (IGT4) - C46-37 (IGT4)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C8-3 (IGT5) - C46-36 (IGT5)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C11-3 (IGT6) - C46-35 (IGT6)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C4-3 (IGT1) or C46-40 (IGT1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C15-3 (IGT2) or C46-39 (IGT2) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C130-3 (IGT3) or C46-38 (IGT3) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C140-3 (IGT4) or C46-37 (IGT4) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C8-3 (IGT5) or C46-36 (IGT5) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C11-3 (IGT6) or C46-35 (IGT6) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      
   3. If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the ignition coil assembly, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 71 and perform troubleshooting for the ignition system (steps 77 to 82).
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK
REPLACE IGNITION COIL ASSEMBLY (Click here)

46.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for an operating sound from the fuel pump.
   

   OK:

   Control the Fuel Pump / Speed	Specified Condition
   ON	Operating sound heard
   OFF	Operating sound not heard

   HINT:

   Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.

NG	CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

47.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
   No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.
      
   3. If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control circuit, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting (steps 73 to 77).
      

B	CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (Click here)

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

48.READ VALUE USING GTS (ENGINE SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Engine Speed.
   

4. Start the engine.
   

5. While running the engine, read the value of Engine Speed.
   

   OK:

   A value that matches the actual engine speed is constantly output.
   

   HINT:

   1. Check the engine speed using a line graph.
      
   2. If the engine cannot be started, check the engine speed while cranking the engine.
      
   3. If the engine speed is 0 rpm, the crankshaft position sensor may have an open or short circuit.
      

NG	REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR (Click here)

OK

49.CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
   

   Standard Voltage:

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 2	C16-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 3	C7-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 4	C14-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 5	C9-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 6	C12-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V

   Text in Illustration

   *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

50.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C5-2 - C45-86 (#10)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 2	C16-2- Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C16-2 - C45-109 (#20)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 3	C7-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C7-2 - C45-85 (#30)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 4	C14-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C14-2 - C45-108 (#40)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 5	C9-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C9-2 - C45-84 (#50)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 6	C12-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C12-2 - C45-107 (#60)	Always	Below 1 Ω

   
   

   for RHD

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C5-2 - C46-86 (#10)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 2	C16-2- Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C16-2 - C46-109 (#20)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 3	C7-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C7-2 - C46-85 (#30)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 4	C14-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C14-2 - C46-108 (#40)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 5	C9-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C9-2 - C46-84 (#50)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 6	C12-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C12-2 - C46-107 (#60)	Always	Below 1 Ω

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK
REPLACE ECM (Click here)

51.CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.
   

   HINT:

   The A/C switch and all accessory switches should be off, and the shift lever should be in N or P.

3. Turn the GTS on.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF.
   

5. Check MAF in the Data List during idling.
   

   Standard:

   2.5 to 4.7 gm/s
   

NG	Go to step 57

OK

52.CHECK INTAKE SYSTEM

1. Check for air leakage in the intake system [vacuum hose disconnection, cracks, damaged gaskets, etc.] (Click here).
   

   HINT:

   1. If the accelerator pedal is released after racing the engine, the inspection is easier to perform because the vacuum inside the intake manifold increases and the air suction noise becomes louder.
      
   2. If Short FT and Long FT are largely different from the normal values (differ by more than 15%) when idling (intake air volume is small) and almost the same as the normal values when racing the engine (for example, when maintaining a speed of 3000 rpm) (intake air volume is high), air leakage may be present.
      

   OK:

   There is no air leakage.
   

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE INTAKE SYSTEM

OK

53.CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Disconnect the throttle body with motor assembly connector.
   

   HINT:

   When the connector is disconnected, the vehicle enters fail-safe mode and the throttle valve opening angle is 4 to 7°.

2. Crank the engine and check that it starts.
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Engine starts	A
   Engine does not start	B

3. Connect the throttle body with motor assembly connector.
   

   HINT:

   When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs (Click here).

B	Go to step 55

A

54.CHECK THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Check if carbon is in the airflow passage.
   

   OK:

   No carbon present.
   

NG	REMOVE FOREIGN OBJECT AND CLEAN THROTTLE BODY WITH MOTOR ASSEMBLY

OK

55.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT LINEAR)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the GTS on.
   

3. Warm up the engine.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the VVT Linear (Bank1) or Control the VVT Linear (Bank2).
   

   HINT:

   When performing the Active Test, make sure the A/C is on and the shift lever is in P or N.

5. Check the engine speed while operating the camshaft timing oil control valve using the GTS.
   

   OK*:

   GTS Operation	Specified Condition
   0%	Normal engine speed
   100%	Engine idles roughly or stalls

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   NG	A
   OK	B

   HINT:

   1. *: From step 72, perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).
      
   2. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   3. When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.
      
   4. If the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.
      

B	Go to step 56

A
REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY (FOR INTAKE SIDE) (Click here)

56.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE VVT EXHAUST LINEAR)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the GTS on.
   

3. Warm up the engine.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank1) or Control the VVT Exhaust Linear (Bank2).
   

   HINT:

   When performing the Active Test, make sure the A/C is on and the shift lever is in P or N.

5. Check the engine speed while operating the camshaft timing oil control valve using the GTS.
   

   OK*:

   GTS Operation	Specified Condition
   0%	Normal engine speed
   100%	Engine idles roughly or stalls

   HINT:

   1. *: From step 72, perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).
      
   2. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   3. When the results of the inspection using the Active Test are normal but the valve operating noise is abnormal, check the valve for any signs of problems.
      
   4. If the camshaft timing oil control valve assembly is stuck on, the valve overlap increases and combustion worsens due to the internal EGR which may cause the engine to stall.
      

OK	Go to step 72
NG	REPLACE CAMSHAFT TIMING OIL CONTROL VALVE ASSEMBLY (FOR EXHAUST SIDE) (Click here)

57.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C50-5 (VG) - C45-74 (VG)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-4 (E2G) - C45-75 (E2G)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-5 (VG) or C45-74 (VG) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C50-5 (VG) - C46-74 (VG)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-4 (E2G) - C46-75 (E2G)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-5 (VG) or C46-74 (VG) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      
   3. If the wire harness is normal, after replacing the mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs again, proceed to step 72 and perform intake system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK
REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER (Click here)

58.INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).
   

   HINT:

   If the engine coolant temperature sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

NG	REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (Click here)

OK

59.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the engine coolant temperature sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C18-2 - C45-76 (THW)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C18-1 - C45-97 (ETHW)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C18-2 or C45-76 (THW) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C18-1 or C45-97 (ETHW) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C18-2 - C46-76 (THW)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C18-1 - C46-97 (ETHW)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C18-2 or C46-76 (THW) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C18-1 or C46-97 (ETHW) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      
   3. If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

60.CHECK MASS AIR FLOW METER

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature reaches 75°C (167°F) or higher.
   

   HINT:

   The A/C switch and all accessory switches should be off, and the shift lever should be in N or P.

3. Turn the GTS on.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / MAF.
   

5. Check MAF in the Data List during idling.
   

   Standard:

   2.5 to 4.7 gm/s
   

   HINT:

   If the mass air flow meter is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

NG	REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER (Click here)

OK

61.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (MASS AIR FLOW METER - ECM)

1. Disconnect the mass air flow meter connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C50-5 (VG) - C45-74 (VG)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-4 (E2G) - C45-75 (E2G)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-5 (VG) or C45-74 (VG) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C50-5 (VG) - C46-74 (VG)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-4 (E2G) - C46-75 (E2G)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C50-5 (VG) or C46-74 (VG) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      
   3. If the wire harness or connector is malfunctioning, after replacing or repairing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

62.READ VALUE USING GTS

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Atmospheric Pressure and Long FT.
   
   

   Result

   Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Long FT	+25% or more or less than -25%	Air fuel ratio sensor Heated oxygen sensor Mass air flow meter Fuel injector assembly ECM	A
   Atmosphere Pressure	80 kPa or less (when elevation is 0 m)
   Both Data List items listed above	Values are other than above	-	B

B	Go to step 66

A

63.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Remove the EFI MAIN and ETCS fuses from the engine room relay block.
   

2. After 60 seconds or more elapse, install the EFI MAIN and ETCS fuses.
   

3. Check if the engine can be started.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Engine can be started	A
   Engine cannot be started	B

B	Go to step 66

A

64.INSPECT AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Start the engine.
   

3. Turn the GTS on.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Fuel System Status #1 and Fuel System Status #2.
   

5. Confirm that Fuel System Status #1 and Fuel System Status #2 are both CL.
   

6. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / AF Lambda B1S1 and AF Lambda B2S1.
   

7. Confirm that AF Lambda B1S1 and AF Lambda B2S1 are both within the range of 0.95 to 1.05 when idling.
   

8. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor.
   

9. Read the output voltage from the air fuel ratio sensor when increasing and decreasing the fuel injection volume.
   

   Standard:

   GTS Display	Injection Volume	Specified Condition
   AFS Voltage B1S1 AFS Voltage B2S1	+12.5%	Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is below 3.1 V
   	-12.5%	Air fuel ratio sensor output voltage is higher than 3.4 V

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Normal	A
   Abnormal	B

   HINT:

   1. The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
      
   2. If the air fuel ratio sensor is malfunctioning, after replacing it, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

B	REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR (Click here)

A

65.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine.
   

   OK:

   Speed is stable.
   

   HINT:

   After replacing the fuel injector assembly or mass air flow meter, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble occurs, replace the ECM. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

NG	REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

OK
REPLACE MASS AIR FLOW METER (Click here)

66.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

1. Inspect the fuel pressure (Click here).
   

NG	Go to step 71

OK

67.CHECK SPARK PLUG

1. Inspect the spark plugs (Click here).
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   All cylinders are normal	A
   One cylinder is abnormal*1	B
   All cylinders are abnormal*2, *3	C

HINT:

1. *1: If one cylinder is abnormal, replace the spark plug of that cylinder and inspect the ignition and fuel system for that cylinder. After performing repairs, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
   
2. *2: If all cylinders are abnormal, replace the spark plugs of all cylinders and check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
   
3. *3: Engine starting trouble may occur if the vehicle is driven extremely short distances repeatedly.
   

B	REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ABNORMAL CYLINDER) (Click here)
C	REPLACE SPARK PLUG (ALL) (Click here)

A

68.CONFIRM VEHICLE CONDITION

1. Confirm the conditions present when the malfunction occurred based on the customer problem analysis.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   When the engine is stopped and a long time has passed, engine starting trouble occurs*1	Fuel pressure regulator is stuck open	A
   When the engine is stopped and approximately 15 to 120 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*2	Fuel injector leak	B
   When the engine is stopped and approximately 2 to 3 minutes have passed, engine starting trouble occurs*3	Failure of fuel pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure	A
   Condition other than above, or there is an inconsistency in the conditions present when engine starting trouble occurs	-	C*4

   HINT:

   *1: The fuel pressure regulator may be stuck open. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the system to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

   *2: Fuel may be leaking from a fuel injector assembly.

   *3: The fuel pressure regulator may not be able to maintain the fuel pressure. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the ability of the fuel pressure regulator to maintain fuel pressure after stopping the engine.

   *4: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.

B	Go to step 70
C	Go to step 72

A

69.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

HINT:

For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A*
   Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

   HINT:

   1. If the engine cannot be started, check the fuel pressure after cranking the engine.
      
   2. *: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

A	Go to step 72
B	REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

70.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.
   

2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   4000 ppm or more	A
   Less than 4000 ppm	B*

   HINT:

   1. If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.
      
   2. *: From step 72, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

B	Go to step 72

A
REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

71.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
   No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.
      
   3. If there are no fuel leaks, after inspecting the fuel pump control circuit, check if engine starting trouble occurs again. If engine starting trouble still occurs, proceed to step 72 and perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
      

B	CHECK FUEL PUMP CONTROL CIRCUIT (Click here)

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

72.CHECK MALFUNCTION CONDITION

1. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 38, 39, 40 and 47, perform fuel system troubleshooting C (steps 73 to 77).
   
   

   Result

   Step Performed	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
   Steps 38, 39, 40 and 47	Fuel system troubleshooting C	73 to 77	A

2. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspection in step 45, perform ignition system troubleshooting (steps 78 to 83).
   
   

   Result

   Step Performed	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
   Step 45	Ignition system troubleshooting	78 to 83	B

3. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 55, 56 and 57, perform intake air system troubleshooting (steps 84 to 86). If engine starting trouble still occurs, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 87 to 94).
   
   

   Result

   Step Performed	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
   Step 55, 56 and 57	Intake air system troubleshooting	84 to 86	C
   	Fuel system troubleshooting A	87 to 94

4. If the malfunction could not be identified during the inspections in steps 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71, perform fuel system troubleshooting A (steps 95 to 102), fuel system troubleshooting B (steps 103 to 105), intake air system troubleshooting (steps 106 to 108), and ignition system troubleshooting (steps 109 to 114), in that order.
   
   

   Result

   Step Performed	Troubleshooting by System	Procedure	Proceed to
   Steps 58, 59, 60, 61, 64, 65, 67, 68, 69, 70 and 71	Fuel system troubleshooting A	95 to 102	D
   	Fuel system troubleshooting B	103 to 105
   	Intake air system troubleshooting	106 to 108
   	Ignition system troubleshooting	109 to 114

B	Go to step 78
C	Go to step 84
D	Go to step 95

A

73.INSPECT FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Inspect the fuel injector assemblies (Click here).
   

NG	REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

OK

74.CHECK TERMINAL VOLTAGE (FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE)

1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connectors.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Measure the voltage according to the value(s) in the table below.
   

   Standard Voltage:

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Switch Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 2	C16-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 3	C7-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 4	C14-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 5	C9-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V
   No. 6	C12-1 - Body ground	Ignition switch ON	11 to 14 V

   Text in Illustration

   *a	Front view of wire harness connector (to Fuel Injector Assembly)

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR FUEL INJECTOR POWER SOURCE CIRCUIT (Click here)

OK

75.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY - ECM)

1. Disconnect the fuel injector assembly connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C5-2 - C45-86 (#10)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 2	C16-2- Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C16-2 - C45-109 (#20)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 3	C7-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C7-2 - C45-85 (#30)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 4	C14-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C14-2 - C45-108 (#40)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 5	C9-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C9-2 - C45-84 (#50)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 6	C12-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C12-2 - C45-107 (#60)	Always	Below 1 Ω

   
   

   for RHD

   Cylinder	Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   No. 1	C5-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C5-2 - C46-86 (#10)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 2	C16-2- Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C16-2 - C46-109 (#20)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 3	C7-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C7-2 - C46-85 (#30)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 4	C14-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C14-2 - C46-108 (#40)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 5	C9-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C9-2 - C46-84 (#50)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   No. 6	C12-2 - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   	C12-2 - C46-107 (#60)	Always	Below 1 Ω

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

76.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	Go to step 77

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

77.CHECK VVT SENSOR

1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

78.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

79.CHECK VVT SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

80.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C45-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C45-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C45-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C45-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C46-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C46-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C46-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C46-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

81.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C26-1 (VVR+) - C45-90 (VV1+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-2 (VVR-) - C45-89 (VV1-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-3 (VC) - C45-67 (VCV1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-1 (VVR+) or C45-90 (VV1+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-2 (VVR-) or C45-89 (VV1-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-3 (VC) or C45-67 (VCV1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C26-1 (VVR+) - C46-90 (VV1+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-2 (VVR-) - C46-89 (VV1-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-3 (VC) - C46-67 (VCV1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-1 (VVR+) or C46-90 (VV1+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-2 (VVR-) or C46-89 (VV1-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-3 (VC) or C46-67 (VCV1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

82.CHECK AND REPLACE CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	Go to step 83

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

83.CHECK VVT SENSOR

1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

84.READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes with the A/C switch and all the accessory switches off.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / ISC Learning Value.
   
   

   Result

   Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   ISC Learning Value	(Engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more	Valve timing Compression	A
   	Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9)	-	B

B	Go to step 86

A

85.CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

1. Inspect the compression (Click here).
   

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

OK
CHECK ENGINE MECHANICAL SYSTEM

86.INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).
   

NG	REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (Click here)

OK

87.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

HINT:

For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure when cranking the engine and after stopping the engine.
   
   

   Result

   Vehicle State	Specified Condition
   Cranking engine	281 to 287 kPa (2.87 to 2.93 kgf/cm2)
   5 minutes after stopping engine	147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher

NG	Go to step 93

OK

88.READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Long FT.
   
   

   Result

   Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Long FT	-15 to +15%	Wire harness or connector Fuel	A
   	+15% or more, or less than -15%	Fuel injector assembly	B

B	REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

A

89.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Current idling speed unstable or history of unstable idling speed	Crankshaft position sensor system	A
   All current and past idling speeds are stable	Fuel	B

   HINT:

   Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.

B	REPLACE FUEL

A

90.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

91.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C45-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C45-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C45-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C45-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C46-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C46-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C46-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C46-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

92.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

93.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
   No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.
      
   3. Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.
      

B	Go to step 94

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

94.INSPECT FUEL PUMP

1. Inspect the fuel pump (Click here).
   

   HINT:

   1. Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.
      
   2. Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.
      
   3. Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.
      

NG	REPLACE FUEL PUMP (Click here)

OK
REPLACE FUEL PRESSURE REGULATOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

95.CHECK FUEL PRESSURE

HINT:

For the fuel pressure inspection, refer to the following procedures (Click here).

1. Attach a fuel pressure gauge and check the fuel pressure after stopping the engine.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) or higher (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	A
   Below 147 kPa (1.5 kgf/cm2) (5 minutes after stopping the engine)	B

B	Go to step 101

A

96.READ VALUE USING GTS (LONG FT)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / Long FT.
   
   

   Result

   Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Long FT	-15 to +15%	Wire harness or connector Fuel	A
   	+15% or more, or less than -15%	Fuel injector assembly	B

B	REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

A

97.PERFORM SIMULATION TEST

1. Check if the idling speed is stable after starting the engine and if an unstable idling speed has ever occurred in the past.
   
   

   Result

   Problem Symptom	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   Current idling speed unstable or history of unstable idling speed	Crankshaft position sensor system	A
   All current and past idling speeds are stable	Fuel	B

   HINT:

   Through the customer problem analysis, confirm the fuel being used and the location at which the fuel was added to check if the malfunction is caused by the fuel in the vehicle.

B	REPLACE FUEL

A

98.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

99.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C45-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C45-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C45-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C45-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C46-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C46-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C46-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C46-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

100.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

101.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE FUEL PUMP / SPEED)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Fuel Pump / Speed.
   

4. When performing the Active Test, check for fuel leakage from the fuel pipes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage are present	A
   No fuel leakage or signs of fuel leakage	B

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. When performing the Active Test, if there is no operating noise from the fuel pump, the fuel pump system may be malfunctioning.
      
   3. Check if the vehicle ran out of fuel, as engine starting trouble due to running out of fuel is also detected.
      

B	Go to step 102

A
REPAIR OR REPLACE FUEL LINE

102.INSPECT FUEL PUMP

1. Inspect the fuel pump (Click here).
   

   HINT:

   1. Make sure there is no foreign matter such as iron particles on the fuel pump and no signs that the fuel pump was stuck.
      
   2. Make sure the internal connector is securely connected.
      
   3. Make sure the fuel pump filter is not clogged.
      

NG	REPLACE FUEL PUMP (Click here)

OK

103.CHECK PURGE VSV

1. Disconnect the vacuum hose (on the canister side) of the purge VSV.
   

2. Start the engine.
   

3. Idle the engine.
   

4. Disconnect the connector of the purge VSV.
   

5. Check if air flows through the purge VSV.
   

   OK:

   Air does not flow
   

6. Connect the connector of the purge VSV.
   

7. Connect the vacuum hose of the purge VSV.
   

   HINT:

   When this inspection is performed, the MIL may illuminate. After finishing the inspection, check and clear DTCs (Click here).

NG	INSPECT PURGE VSV (Click here)

OK

104.CHECK FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY

1. Clean the inside of the surge tank with compressed air.
   

2. After stopping the engine, measure the HC concentration inside the surge tank for 15 minutes.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   4000 ppm or more	A
   Less than 4000 ppm	B

   HINT:

   If the concentration is 4000 ppm or more, a fuel injector assembly may have a sealing problem.

B	Go to step 105

A
REPLACE FUEL INJECTOR ASSEMBLY (Click here)

105.CHECK INTAKE VALVE

1. Check if carbon is on the intake valves.
   
   

   Result

   Result	Proceed to
   Carbon present	A
   No carbon present	B

B	Go to step 106

A
CLEAN INTAKE VALVE

106.READ VALUE USING GTS (ISC LEARNING VALUE)

1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
   

2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
   

3. Start the engine, turn off all accessory switches and warm up the engine until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes.
   

4. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Data List / ISC Learning Value.
   
   

   Result

   Data List Item	Result	Suspected Area	Proceed to
   ISC Learning Value	(Engine displacement (liters) x 0.9) or more	Valve timing Compression	A
   	Less than (engine displacement (liters) x 0.9)	-	B

B	Go to step 108

A

107.CHECK CYLINDER COMPRESSION PRESSURE

1. Inspect the compression (Click here).
   

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE ENGINE ASSEMBLY

OK
CHECK ENGINE MECHANICAL SYSTEM (Click here)

108.INSPECT ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR

1. Inspect the engine coolant temperature sensor (Click here).
   

NG	REPLACE ENGINE COOLANT TEMPERATURE SENSOR (Click here)

OK

109.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the crankshaft position sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

110.CHECK VVT SENSOR

1. Check the tightening torque and installation condition of the VVT sensor bolt.
   

2. Check the connection of the VVT sensor connector.
   

   OK:

   Sensor is installed correctly.
   

NG	SECURELY REINSTALL SENSOR (Click here)

OK

111.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the crankshaft position sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C45-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C45-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C45-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C45-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C1-1 - C46-110 (NE+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-2 - C46-111 (NE-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C1-1 or C46-110 (NE+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C1-2 or C46-111 (NE-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

112.CHECK HARNESS AND CONNECTOR (VVT SENSOR - ECM)

1. Disconnect the VVT sensor connector.
   

2. Disconnect the ECM connector.
   

3. Measure the resistance according to the value(s) in the table below.
   
   

   Standard Resistance:

   
   

   for LHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C26-1 (VVR+) - C45-90 (VV1+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-2 (VVR-) - C45-89 (VV1-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-3 (VC) - C45-67 (VCV1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-1 (VVR+) or C45-90 (VV1+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-2 (VVR-) or C45-89 (VV1-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-3 (VC) or C45-67 (VCV1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   
   

   for RHD

   Tester Connection	Condition	Specified Condition
   C26-1 (VVR+) - C46-90 (VV1+)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-2 (VVR-) - C46-89 (VV1-)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-3 (VC) - C46-67 (VCV1)	Always	Below 1 Ω
   C26-1 (VVR+) or C46-90 (VV1+) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-2 (VVR-) or C46-89 (VV1-) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher
   C26-3 (VC) or C46-67 (VCV1) - Body ground	Always	10 kΩ or higher

   HINT:

   1. Jiggle the wire harness and connector to increase the likelihood of detecting malfunctions that do not always occur.
      
   2. Make sure there is not an excessive amount of force applied to the wire harness.
      

NG	REPAIR OR REPLACE HARNESS OR CONNECTOR

OK

113.CHECK CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR

1. Replace the crankshaft position sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	Go to step 114

OK
END (CRANKSHAFT POSITION SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)

114.CHECK VVT SENSOR

1. Replace the VVT sensor (Click here).
   

2. Check the engine start operation.
   

   OK:

   Malfunction has been repaired successfully.
   

NG	REPLACE ECM (Click here)

OK
END (VVT SENSOR IS DEFECTIVE)