Dtc P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)


MONITOR DESCRIPTION

CATALYST LOCATION

MONITOR STRATEGY

TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS

CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

CONDITIONING FOR SENSOR TESTING

INSPECTION PROCEDURE

CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO DTC P0420)

PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE INJECTION VOLUME)

CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

REPLACE FRONT EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (TWC: FRONT AND REAR CATALYST)

REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

REPLACE HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR

CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

CHECK CAUSE OF EXTREMELY RICH OR LEAN ACTUAL AIR FUEL RATIO

CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P0420)

REPLACE FRONT EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (TWC: FRONT AND REAR CATALYST)

DTC P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)


MONITOR DESCRIPTION

The ECM uses sensors mounted in front of and behind the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC) to monitor its efficiency.
The first sensor, the air fuel ratio sensor, sends pre-catalyst information to the ECM. The second sensor, the heated oxygen sensor, sends post-catalyst information to the ECM.
In order to detect any deterioration in the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC), the ECM calculates the Oxygen Storage Capacity (OSC) of the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC). This calculation is based on the voltage output of the heated oxygen sensor while performing active air-fuel ratio control.
The OSC value is an indication of the oxygen storage capacity of the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC). When the vehicle is being driven with a warm engine, active air-fuel ratio control is performed for approximately 15 to 20 seconds. When it is performed, the ECM deliberately sets the air-fuel ratio to lean or rich levels. If the rich-lean cycle of the heated oxygen sensor is long, the OSC becomes greater. There is a direct correlation between the OSCs of the heated oxygen sensor and Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC).
The ECM uses the OSC value to determine the state of the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC). If any deterioration has occurred, it illuminates the MIL and stores the DTC.

DTC No.
DTC Detection Condition
Trouble Area
P0420
OSC value is less than the standard value under active air-fuel ratio control (2 trip detection logic).
  1. Gas leak from exhaust system
  2. Air fuel ratio sensor (Sensor 1)
  3. Heated oxygen sensor (Sensor 2)
  4. Front exhaust pipe assembly (TWC: Front catalyst and rear catalyst)

CATALYST LOCATION


Land Cruiser, Land Cruiser Prado. Grj150 Trj150,155 Kdj150,155 Lj150, Gdj150,155.2Tr-Fe Engine Control.Sfi System. Dtc P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)


Text in Illustration
*1
Exhaust Manifold
*2
Air Fuel Ratio Sensor
*3
TWC: Front Catalyst
*4
TWC: Rear Catalyst
*5
Front Exhaust Pipe Assembly
*6
Heated Oxygen Sensor
*7
Center Exhaust Pipe Assembly
*8
Tailpipe Assembly

MONITOR STRATEGY


Required Sensors/Components (Main)
Air fuel ratio sensor, heated oxygen sensor
Required Sensors/Components (Related)
Intake air temperature sensor, mass air flow meter sub-assembly, crankshaft position sensor and engine coolant temperature sensor
Frequency of Operation
Once per driving cycle

TYPICAL ENABLING CONDITIONS


Battery voltage
11 V or higher
Intake air temperature
-10°C (14°F) or higher
Engine coolant temperature
75°C (167°F) or higher
Atmospheric pressure
76 kPa (570 mmHg) or higher
Idling
OFF
Engine speed
Less than 4000 rpm
Air fuel ratio sensor status
Activated
Fuel system status
Closed loop
Engine load
10 to 80%
All of following conditions (a), (b) and (c) met
-
(a) Mass air flow
3 to 50 gm/sec
(b) Estimated front catalyst temperature
625 to 840°C (1157 to 1544°F)
(c) Estimated rear catalyst temperature
585 to 800°C (1085 to 1472°F)
Transmission gear
A/T: 3rd or higher
M/T: 4th or higher

CONFIRMATION DRIVING PATTERN

HINT:
Performing this confirmation driving pattern will activate the catalyst efficiency monitor. This is very useful for verifying the completion of a repair.

Land Cruiser, Land Cruiser Prado. Grj150 Trj150,155 Kdj150,155 Lj150, Gdj150,155.2Tr-Fe Engine Control.Sfi System. Dtc P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)

  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. Turn the ignition switch to ON.
  3. Turn the GTS on.
  4. Clear DTCs (even if no DTCs are stored, perform the clear DTC operation).
  5. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.
  6. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the GTS on.
  7. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher [A].
  8. Drive the vehicle at approximately 60 km/h (37 mph) for 10 minutes or more [B].
    CAUTION:
    When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
    HINT:
    Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
  9. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds [C].
  10. Turn the ignition switch to ON and turn the GTS on.
  11. Start the engine and warm it up until the engine coolant temperature is 75°C (167°F) or higher [D].
  12. Drive the vehicle at approximately 60 km/h (37 mph) for 10 minutes or more [E].
    CAUTION:
    When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
    HINT:
    Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
  13. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes [F].
  14. Check if any DTCs (pending DTCs) are stored.
  15. Drive the vehicle at a speed between 75 and 100 km/h (47 and 63 mph) for 10 minutes or more [G].
    CAUTION:
    When performing the confirmation driving pattern, obey all speed limits and traffic laws.
    HINT:
    Drive the vehicle while keeping the engine load as constant as possible.
  16. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes [H].
  17. Check if any DTCs (pending DTCs) are stored.

CONDITIONING FOR SENSOR TESTING

HINT:
Perform the operation with the engine speeds and time durations described below prior to checking the waveforms of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors. This is to activate the sensors sufficiently to obtain appropriate inspection results.

Land Cruiser, Land Cruiser Prado. Grj150 Trj150,155 Kdj150,155 Lj150, Gdj150,155.2Tr-Fe Engine Control.Sfi System. Dtc P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)

  1. (a) Connect the GTS to the DLC3.
  2. (b) Start the engine and warm it up with all the accessories switched off until the engine coolant temperature stabilizes.
  3. (c) Run the engine at an engine speed of between 2500 rpm and 3000 rpm for at least 3 minutes.
  4. (d) While running the engine at 3000 rpm for 2 seconds, and then 2000 rpm for 2 seconds, check the waveforms of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors using the GTS.
HINT:
  1. If the voltage output of either the air fuel ratio or heated oxygen sensor does not fluctuate, or there is noise in the waveform of either sensor, the sensor may be malfunctioning.
  2. If the voltage outputs of both the sensors remain lean or rich, the air-fuel ratio may be extremely lean or rich. In such cases, perform the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor Active Test using the GTS.
  3. If the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC) has deteriorated, the heated oxygen sensor (located behind the Three-way Catalytic Converter (TWC)) voltage output fluctuates up and down frequently, even under normal driving conditions (active air-fuel ratio control is not performed).

Land Cruiser, Land Cruiser Prado. Grj150 Trj150,155 Kdj150,155 Lj150, Gdj150,155.2Tr-Fe Engine Control.Sfi System. Dtc P0420 Catalyst System Efficiency Below Threshold (Bank 1)


INSPECTION PROCEDURE

HINT:
  1. If a malfunction cannot be found when troubleshooting DTC P0420, a lean or rich abnormality may be the cause. Perform troubleshooting by following the inspection procedure for P0171 (System Too Lean) and P0172 (System Too Rich).
  2. After performing repairs, drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern and check if DTC P0420 is output again. If a DTC is output again, replace the catalyst if it has not been replaced already.
  3. Read freeze frame data using the GTS. Freeze frame data records the engine condition when malfunctions are detected. When troubleshooting, freeze frame data can help determine if the vehicle was moving or stationary, if the engine was warmed up or not, if the air-fuel ratio was lean or rich, and other data from the time the malfunction occurred.
  4. Sensor 1 refers to the sensor closest to the engine assembly.
  5. Sensor 2 refers to the sensor farthest away from the engine assembly.
1.CHECK FOR ANY OTHER DTCS OUTPUT (IN ADDITION TO DTC P0420)

  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

  1. Turn the GTS on.

  1. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.

  1. Read the DTCs.

    Result
    Result
    		Proceed to
    P0420 is output
    		A
    P0420 and other DTCs are output
    		B
    HINT:
    If any DTCs other than P0420 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.


B
GO TO DTC CHART (LandCruiser RM000000VNN00FX.html)
A


2.PERFORM ACTIVE TEST USING GTS (CONTROL THE INJECTION VOLUME)

  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

  1. Start the engine.

  1. Turn the GTS on.

  1. Warm up the engine and run the engine at an engine speed of 2500 rpm for approximately 90 seconds.

  1. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Active Test / Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor.

  1. Perform the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor operation with the engine idling.

  1. Monitor the voltage outputs of the air fuel ratio and heated oxygen sensors (AFS Voltage B1S1 and O2S B1S2) displayed on the GTS.

    HINT:
    1. Change the fuel injection volume within the range of -12.5% to +12.5%.
    2. The air fuel ratio sensor has an output delay of a few seconds and the heated oxygen sensor has a maximum output delay of approximately 20 seconds.
    3. If the sensor output voltage does not change (almost no reaction) while performing the Active Test, the sensor may be malfunctioning.

    GTS Display (Sensor)
    		Injection Volume
    		Status
    		Voltage
    AFS Voltage B1S1
    (Air fuel ratio)
    		+12.5%
    		Rich
    		Below 3.1 V
    AFS Voltage B1S1
    (Air fuel ratio)
    		-12.5%
    		Lean
    		Higher than 3.4 V
    O2S B1S2
    (Heated oxygen)
    		+12.5%
    		Rich
    		Higher than 0.55 V
    O2S B1S2
    (Heated oxygen)
    		-12.5%
    		Lean
    		Below 0.4 V

    Result
    Status of AFS Voltage B1S1
    		Status of O2S B1S2
    		Air Fuel Ratio Condition and Air Fuel Ratio and Heated Oxygen Sensor Condition
    		Suspected Trouble Area
    		Proceed to
    Lean/Rich
    		Lean/Rich
    		Normal
    1. Three-way catalytic converter
    2. Gas leaks from exhaust system
    		A
    Lean
    		Lean/Rich
    		Air fuel ratio sensor malfunction
    		Air fuel ratio sensor
    		B
    Rich
    		Lean/Rich
    		Air fuel ratio sensor malfunction
    		Air fuel ratio sensor
    		B
    Lean/Rich
    		Lean
    		Heated oxygen sensor malfunction
    1. Heated oxygen sensor
    2. Gas leaks from exhaust system
    		C
    Lean/Rich
    		Rich
    		Heated oxygen sensor malfunction
    1. Heated oxygen sensor
    2. Gas leaks from exhaust system
    		C
    Lean
    		Lean
    		Actual air fuel ratio lean
    1. Extremely rich or lean actual air fuel ratio
    2. Gas leaks from exhaust system
    		D
    Rich
    		Rich
    		Actual air fuel ratio rich
    1. Extremely rich or lean actual air fuel ratio
    2. Gas leaks from exhaust system
    		D
    Lean: During the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor Active Test, the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage (AFS Voltage) is consistently higher than 3.4 V, and the heated oxygen sensor output voltage (O2S) is consistently below 0.4 V.
    Rich: During the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor Active Test, the air fuel ratio sensor output voltage (AFS Voltage) is consistently below 3.1 V, and the heated oxygen sensor voltage (O2S) is consistently higher than 0.55 V.
    Lean/Rich: During the Control the Injection Volume for A/F Sensor Active Test, the output voltage of the air fuel ratio sensor and heated oxygen sensor alternate correctly.


B
Go to step 5

C
Go to step 6

D
Go to step 8
A


3.CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

  1. Inspect for exhaust gas leaks from the exhaust manifold and exhaust pipes.

    OK:
    No gas leaks.


NG
REPAIR OR REPLACE EXHAUST GAS LEAK POINT
OK


4.REPLACE FRONT EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (TWC: FRONT AND REAR CATALYST)
HINT:
Refer to the illustration in Catalyst Location to confirm which parts to replace.

  1. Replace the front exhaust pipe assembly.


NEXT

END

5.REPLACE AIR FUEL RATIO SENSOR

  1. Replace the air fuel ratio sensor (LandCruiser RM00000175900NX.html).

    HINT:
    Perform "Inspection After Repair" after replacing the air fuel ratio sensor (LandCruiser RM000004NJC03XX.html).


NEXT
Go to step 10

6.CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

  1. Inspect for exhaust gas leaks from the exhaust manifold and exhaust pipes.

    OK:
    No gas leaks.


NG
REPAIR OR REPLACE EXHAUST GAS LEAK POINT
OK


7.REPLACE HEATED OXYGEN SENSOR

  1. Replace the heated oxygen sensor (LandCruiser RM00000175F00UX.html).



NEXT
Go to step 10

8.CHECK FOR EXHAUST GAS LEAK

  1. Inspect for exhaust gas leaks from the exhaust manifold and exhaust pipes.

    OK:
    No gas leaks.
    HINT:
    Perform "Inspection After Repair" after repairing or replacing the exhaust system (LandCruiser RM000004NJC03XX.html).


NG
REPAIR OR REPLACE EXHAUST GAS LEAK POINT
OK


9.CHECK CAUSE OF EXTREMELY RICH OR LEAN ACTUAL AIR FUEL RATIO

  1. Check the cause of the extremely rich or lean actual air fuel ratio while referring to the DTC P0171 Inspection Procedure (LandCruiser RM000000WC30WHX_07.html).


NEXT


10.CHECK WHETHER DTC OUTPUT RECURS (DTC P0420)

  1. Connect the GTS to the DLC3.

  1. Turn the ignition switch to ON.

  1. Turn the GTS on.

  1. Clear the DTCs (LandCruiser RM000000VNG00DX.html).

  1. Turn the ignition switch off and wait for at least 30 seconds.

  1. Start the engine.

  1. Drive the vehicle in accordance with the driving pattern described in Confirmation Driving Pattern.

  1. Enter the following menus: Powertrain / Engine and ECT / Trouble Codes.

  1. Read the DTCs.

    Result
    Result
    		Proceed to
    P0420 is output
    		A
    No DTC is output
    		B
    HINT:
    If any DTCs other than P0420 are output, troubleshoot those DTCs first.


B
END
A


11.REPLACE FRONT EXHAUST PIPE ASSEMBLY (TWC: FRONT AND REAR CATALYST)
HINT:
Refer to the illustration in Catalyst Location to confirm which parts to replace.

  1. Replace the front exhaust pipe assembly.


NEXT

END